Cicatricial pemphygoid (mucous membrane cicatricial pemphygoid) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by subepithelial bubbles in mucous membranes and, occasionally on the skin. It may affect the mouth, the nose, pharynx, larynx, the eyes, esophagus, anus, genitals and skin; especially affecting patients between fifty and sixty years of life. Treatment includes systemic ste...

PURPOSE Increased stromal accumulation of macrophages and submucosal fibrosis due to excessive accumulation of collagens are central histologic features in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP). Interleukin (IL)-4 plays an important role in both the inflammatory and fibrotic events in several human and experimental diseases. In the present study, the possible role of IL-4 in the pathogenesis of O...

Parpose: Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) study on the conjunctiva is currently the classical diagnostic tool used fo the. diagnosis of autoimmune cicatrizing conjunctivitis, which is characterized by the deposition of immunoglobuliis and/or compleme:nt along the conjunctival basement membrane zone (BMZ). To diagnose the type of autoimmune conjunctivitis, we performed d&t immunoeleclron microsco...

Parpose: Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) study on the conjunctiva is currently the classical diagnostic tool used fo the. diagnosis of autoimmune cicatrizing conjunctivitis, which is characterized by the deposition of immunoglobuliis and/or compleme:nt along the conjunctival basement membrane zone (BMZ). To diagnose the type of autoimmune conjunctivitis, we performed d&t immunoeleclron microsco...

Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans is a rare disease, with genetic transmission either X-linked or sporadic, characterized by follicular hyperkeratosis and cicatricial alopecia. The disease usually begins in early childhood exacerbating throughout adolescence. The therapies are somewhat effective, with frustrating treatment when there are changes which are predominantly cicatricial. It ...

BACKGROUND It is noted that oral contraceptive pills increase the risk of abnormal Pap smear but results have been inconsistent across the populations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the association between oral contraceptive pill (OCP) consumption and abnormal Pap smear in women who referred to Shahid Sadoughi and Madar hospitals in Yazd. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross sectional des...

OBJECTIVE We describe rates of unintended pregnancy among HIV positive couples in Lusaka, Zambia. We also identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy among oral contraceptive pill (OCP) using couples in this cohort. DESIGN Data were analyzed from couples randomized in a factorial design to two family planning intervention videos. METHODS Rates of unintended pregnancy were stratifi...

BACKGROUND Trichiasis is the main risk factor for corneal opacification. The primary treatment of trichiasis is surgical. Successful surgery is likely to halt the progression of corneal opacity. The aim of the study is to report the efficacy of the anterior lamellar marginal z-plasty combined with transverse tarsotomy in the management of severe trichiasis andcicatricial entropion of upper eyel...

A 19 year old female with pyoderma gangrenosum was referred to the oculoplastic clinic for evaluation of severe cicatricial ectropion of the right lower eyelid. Examination evidenced important scarring of lower eyelid and malar region with secondary ectropion. A full-thickness skin graft associated with a lateral tarsal strip procedure and scar tissue release was performed. The patient's cortic...

BACKGROUND Scarring alopecias are classified into primary and secondary types according to the initial site of inflammation. In primary scarring alopecias, the hair follicle is the main target of destruction; the term secondary cicatricial alopecia implies that follicular destruction is not the primary pathologic event. AIMS To review the histopathologic diagnoses of cases of cicatricial alop...