In the physical world, an object is a moving object if its position changes over time. In a symbolic dynamic system such as a computer program or a blocks world, what are the moving objects? In this paper, we propose a definition, consider ways to generate moving objects and their “positions”. We also introduce the flow graph of a moving object. It depicts the “trajectory” of the object, thus s...

We study ‘Myers effect’ for a bunch of D1-branes with IIB superstrings moving in one direction along the branes. We show that the ‘blown-up’ configuration is the helical D1-brane, which is self-supported from collapse by the axial momentum flow. The tilting angle of the helix is determined by the number of D1-branes. The radius of the helix is stabilized to a certain value depending on the numb...

We introduce a new language learning setting relevant to building adaptive natural language interfaces. It is inspired by Wittgenstein’s language games: a human wishes to accomplish some task (e.g., achieving a certain configuration of blocks), but can only communicate with a computer, who performs the actual actions (e.g., removing all red blocks). The computer initially knows nothing about la...

Recent work on the automatic generation of frame axioms from action specifications that have complete fluent change specifications is extended to extract action invariants. An action invariant expresses a property that is preserved by all actions of that class. The extraction is achieved by combining automatically generated frame axioms and the original action axioms relativised to those states...

Achievement of an activity generally depends on the achievement of sub-activities. These sub-activities are related with each other in terms of ordering among them and data they access. We can consider a business process as an activity to be achieved and we can deene its sub-activities. The correct and eecient execution of a business process necessitates capturing and deening the relations amon...

Excitable cattle are dangerous to personnel and have reduced individual performance. The aim of this study was to 1) identify objective criteria for evaluating bull temperament and 2) examine relationships among temperament, behavior, and performance of bulls during an 84-d performance test. Angus bulls ( = 60) were reared in 6 pens based on BW and age. Pen scores (PS; 1 = docile and 5 = very a...

To effectively select for temperament, selection criteria must reflect an animal's response to stress. Subjective measures such as chute (CS) and exit (ES) score provide fast easy assessments of temperament but may be subject observer bias inconsistency. Objective cortisol other metabolites have been associated with increased stress in cattle, especially regarding transportation. Our objectives...