Choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant trophoblastic tumor related to pregnancy that often occurs with a complete hydatidiform mole. It grows quickly and can also widely metastasize to other organs or tissues through both the venous and lymphatic systems. The transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) belongs to a growth factor superfamily and has been suggested to play a critical role in regulating...

Previous studies have shown that activators of the protein kinase A pathway increase transcription of the genes encoding the alpha- and beta-subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in choriocarcinoma cell lines. Here, we show that treatment of choriocarcinoma cells with activators of protein kinase C, such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and dioctanoylglycerol, increases accumulation ...

BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs), in choriocarcinoma and other carcinomas, possess the ability of self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential. We previous isolated choriocarcinoma cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs), which hold the stemness characteristics of CSCs. Epigenetic modifications have emerged as drivers in tumorigenesis, but the mechanisms of CSCs are largely unknown, and ne...

Choriocarcinoma is a subtype of gestational trophoblastic disease. It very rare neoplasm, with incidence about 1 case in 40.000 pregnancies. Gestational form choriocarcinoma arises most commonly after abortion, while nongestational develops from pluripotent germ cells. Choricarcinoma highly malignant and chemosensitive type tumor. A 43-year-old patient diagnosed extra uterine pregnancy Septembe...

BACKGROUND Choriocarcinoma is a very rare cause of ocular metastasis. Only 18 male patients have been reported on, 4 of whom survived, but with significant loss of vision. CASE PRESENTATION A 26-year-old Caucasian man, suffering from testicular choriocarcinoma with pulmonary, cerebral, renal, hepatic and osseous metastases, underwent left radical orchiectomy. While being treated with chemothe...

Trophoblast cells (TBCs) form the blastocyst-derived component of the placenta and play essential roles in fetal maintenance. The proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma plays a central role in activating cellular immunity, controlling cell proliferation, and inducing apoptosis. IFN-gamma is secreted by uterine NK cells in the placenta during pregnancy and in mice is required for proper formation of...

Pulmonary embolism may be a life-threatening condition that needs immediate medical intervention. Early detection plays an important role in improving the survival rate. However, pulmonary embolism is a difficult diagnosis that may be missed because of non-specific clinical presentation. According to guidelines on the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism, it should be diagnosed ...

The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is a vital regulator of placental development and functions. TGF-beta exerts several modulatory effects on trophoblast cells, such as inhibition of proliferation and invasiveness, and stimulation of differentiation by inducing multinucleated cell formation. In this study, we determine the expression patterns of TGF-beta signaling molecules in norma...