introduction: the purpose of the screening of fetal anomalies in pregnancy is empowering women to make an informed choice and reduce uncertainty in decision making. on the other hand, screening may cause worry and anxiety in pregnant women. this study was conducted with aim to determine the relationship between informed choice in pregnant women about screening of fetal anomalies with worry and ...

Multiple-choice tests are used frequently in higher education without much consideration of the impact this form of assessment has on learning. Multiple-choice testing enhances retention of the material tested (the testing effect); however, unlike other tests, multiple-choice can also be detrimental because it exposes students to misinformation in the form of lures. The selection of lures can l...

A prospective study was conducted in client-owned geriatric cats to evaluate the short- term effects of a test food on serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations. Test food contained functional lipids (fish oil), antioxidants (vitamins C and E), L-carnitine, botanicals (vegetables), highly bioavailable protein, and amino acid supplements. Cats (n = 80) were fed e...

multiple-choice questions are commonly employed for testing languageknowledge. however, since in the recently proposed systematic approach toitem writing, using various item formats is desirable and there is very fewresearches on the possibility of using translation items for giving variety toitems on a test. the present study aims at comparing reliability and itemdifficulty of translation and ...

Two recent studies reported that yes/no recognition can be more impaired by hippocampal lesions than forced-choice recognition when the targets and foils are highly similar. This finding has been taken in support of two fundamental proposals: (1) yes/no recognition tests depend more on recollection than do forced-choice tests; and (2) the hippocampus selectively supports the recollection proces...