1. The rate of reaction of mustard gas (H) with thirteen proteins has been determined. The extreme variation in reaction rates is about 100:1. 2. No qualitative difference in the results was observed when the treatment with H was carried out by the Dixon or stirring methods. 3. The kinetics have been analyzed and a bimolecular equation derived which fits the facts. 4. The carboxyl groups of all...

2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) is used as a simulant for mustard (HD) in a study to develop secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) for rapid, semi-quantitative detection of mustard on soil. Using SIMS with single-stage mass spectrometry, a signature for CEES can be unequivocally observed only at the highest concentrations (0.1 monolayer and above). Selectivity and sensitivity C2H5SC2Hl from...

Acute lung injury is a principal cause of morbidity and mortality in response to mustard gas (SM) inhalation. Obstructive, fibrin-containing airway casts have recently been reported in a rat inhalation model employing the SM analog 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES). The present study was designed to identify the mechanism(s) causing activation of the coagulation cascade after CEES-induced airw...

ICR/Ha Swiss mice, 30 females/group, were given a single application of 20 mug 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, followed 2 weeks later by three times weekly applications of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), 2.5 mug/application. In the accompanying inhibition experiments, sulfur mustard [SM; bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide] was applied at a dose of 20 mug/application during the promotion phase, either o...

The effects of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea on the rejoining of X-ray-induced DNA strand breaks were examined in normal human fibroblasts (WI-38) and a simian virus 40-transformed derivative (VA-13) with the use of alkaline sucrose sedimentation. 1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea was capable of partially inhibiting repair of X-ray-produced DNA strand breaks in both cell types when th...

The gas-liquid chromatography of 2-chloroethyl derivatives of short- and long-chain monocarboxylic acids, and of short-chain dicarboxylic acids and aldehydes has been studied with a dual-flame ionization detector that provided simultaneous records of the concentrations of chlorine and of total organic material in the column effluent. The chloroethyl derivatives of dicarboxylic acids and aldehyd...