In this study, the ability of lithium nitrite and amino alcohol inhibitors to provide corrosion protection to reinforcing steel was investigated. Two types of specimens-reinforcing steel and a reinforced concrete prism that were exposed to chloride ion levels resembling the chloride attack environment-were prepared. An autoclave accelerated corrosion test was then conducted. The variables teste...

In the title compound, [CuCl(C17H19Cl4N3)]ClO4, the Cu(II) ion adopts a distorted square-planar geometry defined by one chloride ligand and the three nitro-gen atoms from the bis-[(pyridin-2-yl)meth-yl](3,5,5,5-tetra-chloro-pent-yl)amine ligand. The perchlorate counter-ion is disordered over three sets of sites with refined occupancies 0.0634 (17), 0.221 (16) and 0.145 (7). In addition, the het...

The title compound, [Pb(2)Zn(2)(C(22)H(18)N(2)O(4))(2)Cl(4)]·2C(3)H(7)NO, was synthesized using a step-by-step method and has a slipped sandwich configuration. The coordination environment of the Zn(2+) ion is distorted square-pyramidal and it is coordinated by N(2)O(2) of the Schiff base ligand and chloride; each Pb(2+) ion is coordinated by the four 6,6'-dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[o-phenyl-ene-bis(nitr...

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, (C(6)H(14)N)(2)[SbCl(5)], contains one cation and half of the anion on a special position (specifically, the Sb(III) ion and three chloride anions are situated on a mirror plane). In the [SbCl(5)](2-) unit, the Sb(III) ion is coordinated by five chloride anions [Sb-Cl = 2.3721 (11)-2.6656 (12) Å] in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry. However, one c...

The title compound, (1R,2R,3S,5S,8S)-3-hydr-oxy-8-methyl-8-azoniabicyclo-[3.2.1]octane-2-carboxylic acid chloride, C(9)H(16)NO(3) (+)·Cl(-), is both a metabolite and a precursor of the tropane alkaloid l-cocaine. The carboxyl group is not involved in dimerization, but instead donates a hydrogen bond to the chloride counter-ion, which participates in two additional hydrogen bonds. The chloride i...

Patch clamp measurements of excised inside-out patches of Arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane reveal at least two ion channels which conduct either potassium or chloride. The conductance of the potassium channel ranged from 5 to 70 picosiemens depending on KCl concentration. The conductance increased linearly with increasing cytoplasmic-side [KCl]; the extent of this dependence declined as ext...

1 Associate Professor of Structural Engineering College of Engineering, King Saud University Email: [email protected] Abstract – In Reinforced concrete structures chloride ion penetration is considered to be a major cause of corrosion of reinforcing bars. Conventional concretes fail to prevent the intrusion of moisture and aggressive ions adequately. The use supplementary cementing composite ma...

The Pd(II) atom in the complex cation of the title compound, [PdCl(C(21)H(16)N(4))]Cl, is coordinated by three N atoms derived from the terpyridine ligand and a chloride ion, which define a distorted PdClN(3) square-planar coordination geometry. In the crystal, the presence of N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds involving the amino H atom and chloride anions link two cations and two anions into a four-ion ag...

Reactive oxygen species are implicated as mediators of tissue damage in ischemic and toxic acute renal failure. Whereas many agents can inhibit renal ischemic injury, only hepatocyte growth factor, melatonin, N-acetylcysteine, and DMSO inhibit injury after mercuric chloride administration. Although it has been suggested that DMSO may chelate the mercuric ion, more recent studies suggest that it...

Prestin in the lateral membrane of outer hair cells, is responsible for electromotility (EM) and a corresponding nonlinear capacitance (NLC). Prestin's voltage sensitivity is influenced by intracellular chloride. A regulator of intracellular chloride is a stretch-sensitive, non-selective conductance within the lateral membrane, GmetL. We determine that prestin itself possesses a stretch-sensiti...