Pain is the major sense in vertebrates that performs signaling and protective functions in the case of potential damage to the body. The problem of pain, which is of prime importance for humans, is extensively investigated in higher vertebrates [1], However, only a few works have attempted to study the sense of pain in fish. Verheijen [2] regarded a kind of "cough" observed in carps on damaging...

To study the toxic effects of phthalate esters on the aquatic creatures, carps were exposed to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) of six different concentrations for 96 h-LC50 measurements. It shows that the 96 h-LC50 is 16.30 and 37.95 mg L(-1), thus the safe concentration (1/10LC(50)) is 1.63 mg L(-1). The activities of xanthine oxidase (XOD) and catalase (CAT) were ...

Background: Goji berries (Lycium barbarum), widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, can be applied as a dietary supplement. They are classified as nutraceutical food due to their long and safe traditional use. Ginseng has been increasingly used in the last decades and has become well known for its significant role in preventing and treating many diseases. Methods: The keywords of Goji berr...

During the past three decades mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) has declined dramatically. This is believed to be due to both declining incidence and improved survival in those with clinical disease although the contributions of public health programs on the one hand, and clinical interventions on the other, is hard to quantify. While aged standardised hospital admissions rates for ac...

background: transient gene expression (tge) gained popularity over the last decade as a rapid method for the production of milligram to gram quantities of recombinant proteins for preclinical studies in biophama industry. thereby, the optimization of the tge technique for chinese hamster ovary (cho) as the dominant host for the production of biotherapeutics is of great interest to reach the val...

objective: development of high producing mammalian cell lines is a major bottleneck in manufacturing of recombinant therapeutic proteins. this study examines the effect of using the matrix attachment region from the human interferon beta gene in combination with promoter activation strategy with e1a 13s protein on human tissue plasminogen activator (t-pa) expression in chinese hamster ovary (ch...