Young children are required to use child safety seats, and the age threshold at which children can legally graduate to seat belts has steadily increased. This article tests the relative effectiveness of child safety seats, lap-and-shoulder seat belts, and lap belts in preventing injuries among motor vehicle passengers aged 2–6 yr. We analyze three large, representative samples of crashes report...

OBJECTIVE The primary objective was to determine which of the examined factors prompted physicians to initiate a further abuse evaluation in young children with minor head injury. The recording of important historical elements in the charts of these patients was also evaluated. METHODS Charts of 349 children less than 3 years of age with minor head injury were retrospectively reviewed. Age, r...

OBJECTIVE To address the predictability of injury from air bag activation by use of crash simulation software. METHODS Using current, validated crash simulation software, the effect of air bag activation on injury risk was assessed for the 6-year-old child, both restrained and unrestrained. Results were compared with those for adult occupants in similar crash scenarios. RESULTS For the unre...

Three child fall issues have been selected by VISU for special focus because of the major contribution they make to serious fall injury, and their preventability: (1) playground equipment fall injury (26% of fall injury hospital admissions); (2) furniture-related fall injury: chairs, beds, tables and other furniture (11%); and (3) fall injury involving ice skates, skis, roller skates, skateboar...

PROBLEM Prevention of injuries to child passengers is a significant public health priority, as motor vehicle-related injuries remain a leading cause of death for children in Japan. The purpose of compulsory child restraint seats legislation in April 2000 was to reduce the number of child passengers killed or injured in motor vehicle crashes. METHODS The objectives of this preliminary evaluati...

In traumatic lacrimal duct injury, stent placement and anastomosis are commonly performed soon after injury. However, selection for pediatric injuries has rarely been discussed. Herein, we present three cases (one 1-year-old two 3-year-olds; all patients were males) of injury discuss them along with a literature review. The site was the canaliculus in cases. Two treated nylon thread stents one ...