Theories of expertise based on the acquisition of chunk and templates suggest a differential geometric organization of perception between experts and novices. It is implied that expert representation is less anchored by spatial (Euclidean) proximity and may instead be dictated by the intrinsic relation in the structure and grammar of the specific domain of expertise. Here we set out to examine ...

basic paradigm that computer programs employ is known as “search and evaluate.” Their static evaluation is arguably more primitive than the perceptual one of humans. Yet the intelligence emerging from them is phenomenal. A human spectator cannot tell the difference between a brilliant computer game and one played by Kasparov. Chess played by today’s machines looks extraordinary, full of imagina...

Recently, it was shown that Chess-like games may have no uniform (subgame perfect) Nash equilibria in pure positional strategies. Moreover, Nash equilibria may fail to exist already in two-person games in which all infinite plays are equivalent and ranked as the worst outcome by both players. In this paper, we extend this negative result further, providing examples that are uniform Nash equilib...

2460. Over this span it has scored 181 against players rated below it, and 38 against players rated above it. Of the eight points it lost against players rated above it, three were losses to International Grandmaster's, three were losses to International Master's, and there were two draws against players rated over 2500, (one an International Master). From previous tournaments rated by FIDE, th...

Phantom Go is a two-player game often played as an entertaining variation by regular Go players. It is the equivalent of Kriegspiel for Chess. Phantom Go is a variant of classic Go in which the players do not see the opponent’s moves. Two players each have their own board, on which only their own stones are visible. A referee is needed. He has a reference board on which the actual state of the ...

This multiple case study addresses the question of how information from the environment is integrated with mental images. Chessplayers (N = 4) of different levels were submitted to a visual imagery task, with familiar stimuli (chess positions) and unfamiliar stimuli (boards containing shapes). They were visually presented with a position that remained fixed, and with a grid where moves were dis...

Seega is an ancient Egyptian two-phase board game that, in certain aspects, is more difficult than chess. The two-player game is played on either a 5 × 5, 7 × 7, or 9 × 9 board. In the first and more difficult phase of the game, players take turns placing one disk each on the board until the board contains only one empty cell. In the second phase players take turns moving disks of their color; ...