With sufficiently high cooling rates, liquids will cross their equilibrium melting temperatures and can be maintained in a metastable undercooled state before solidifying. Studies of undercooled liquids reveal several intriguing dynamic phenomena and because explicit connections between liquid structure and liquids dynamics are difficult to identify, it remains a major challenge to capture the ...

Few published studies have investigated the presence of lead in the e-liquid of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Lead inhalation is associated with increased risk of stroke, heart disease, and other diseases. This study used a novel application of graphite furnace technology to compare the concentration of lead between e-liquids of different packaging and product designs using e-liq...

Hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) is an important and very general phenomenon. H-bonding is part of the basis of life in DNA, key in controlling the properties of water and ice, and critical to modern applications such as crystal engineering, catalysis applications, pharmaceutical and agrochemical development. H-bonding also plays a significant role for many ionic liquids (IL), determining the secon...

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been suggested as potential "green" solvents to replace volatile organic solvents in reaction and separation processes due to their negligible vapor pressure. To develop ILs for these applications, it is important to gain a fundamental understanding of the factors that control the phase behavior of ionic liquids with other liquids. In this work, we continue our study of...

In this thesis, we present our studies on the structure and dynamics of novel Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids. Through our computer simulations we demonstrate that the kinetics of photo induced electron transfer reaction between S1 and S2 states of Crystal Violet Lactone in N-propyl-N-methylpyrrolidiniumbis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide([Pr31][NTf2]) room temperature ionic liquid is local solven...

Salts of low melting points, usually called ionic liquids (ILs), have been studied extensively during the last decade [1 – 3]. These liquid salts may serve as solvents for chemical reactions as well as electrolytes in electrochemical devices. The first extensively studied IL was 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrachloroaluminate ([EMIm][AlCl4]). However such ionic liquids containing AlCl4− are e...

Modelling the mixing process of multicomponent liquids is still an open problem. In this work the possibility to use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to measure concentration profiles during interdiffusion of a binary system is discussed. NMR is a non-invasive technique that can be used to measure diffusivities of liquids over the complete viscosity range even for optically non-transparent samp...

The transport of minute amounts of liquids using microfluidic systems has opened avenues for higher throughput and parallelization of miniaturized bio/chemical processes combined with a great economy of reagents. In this report, we present a microfluidic capillary system (CS) that autonomously transports aliquots of different liquids in sequence: liquids pipetted into the service port of the CS...

OBJECTIVES The research purpose was to analyze data concerning chemical incidents in Poland collected in 1999-2009 in terms of health hazards. MATERIAL AND METHODS The data was obtained, using multimodal information technology (IT) system, from chemical incidents reports prepared by rescuers at the scene. The final analysis covered sudden events associated with uncontrolled release of hazardo...