With increased flood risk due to climate change, population expansion and urbanisation; robust waterway design management are critical. One common type of used gather transport ground water is the open channel. Most simulations do not account for physical roughness bed, instead using a coefficient. This means that only turbulent energy content can be modelled whilst eddies vortices cannot. Furt...

Traditional bed shear stress-based models (e.g., Rouse model) derived from the classic parabolic profile of eddy viscosity in open-channel flows fail to accurately predict suspended sediment concentration (SSC) with aquatic vegetation. We developed a two-layer, turbulence-based model SSC profiles emergent vegetated flows. Turbulence generated vegetation, bed, and coherent structures caused by s...

Urban catchments in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are increasingly becoming a major source of phosphorus (P) to downstream ecosystems. This is primarily due to large inputs of untreated wastewater to urban drainage channels, especially in informal settlements (or slums). However, the processes governing the fate of P in these catchments are largely unknown. In this study, these processes are investi...

Unlike a transonic flow in compressible aerodynamics, a ship cruising steadily in a channel at nearly the linearized long wave speed generates unsteady wave motion. In a channel of limited width, solitons are radiated periodically up-stream. Such waves may have been the cause of a fatal accident at the Port of Harwich, England, and were described by a witness “like the white cliffs of Dover”. A...

iv alpine river confluences. Systematic laboratory experiments were performed in a confluence flume where the main channel is 8.5 m long and 0.50 m wide. A 4.9 m long and 0.15 m wide tributary channel is connected at an angle of 90°. Three discharge scenarios were tested for four different geometrical configurations: a reference case (without widening) and three different tributary widenings: t...

The effect of bed roughness on an iso-kinetic chemical plume released into the logarithmic region of the bed boundary layer of an open channel flow is examined. The bed roughness is varied systematically to generate flows in the smooth (painted polyethylene sheets), transitional rough (2.5-mm and 11.5-mm gravel beds), and fully rough (21.0-mm gravel bed) regimes. Concentration fields are measur...