It is well-known that the innate immune mechanisms in fish serve as the first line of defence against wide variety of pathogens. In most of the situations, innate responses get induced and enhanced after the pathogen invasion. It would be interesting to look into the inducibility of various innate immune mechanisms and the level of enhancement after infection with the pathogen. Hence, in the pr...

The cytological response of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss head kidney macrophages to ingested Mycobacterium spp. was examined in vitro. Mycobacterium marinum or Mycobacterium sp. TB267 isolated from snakehead fish Channa striata Bloch were opsonised with either fresh rainbow trout serum, serum which had been heat-inactivated, or rainbow trout antiserum against the extracellular products (EC...

Abstract One of the ecosystems inhabited by many types fish is a river. Kuning River one rivers in Sleman Regency, D.I. Yogyakarta, which upstream located at Mount Merapi. In 2010 there was large cold lava flood Yellow from So far, no identification species river has been carried out. The purpose study to determine (both local and introduced) state abiotic environment. method used purposive sam...

Aquatic animals are important to health-conscious consumers due to their high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) particularly omega-3 FA. This paper reports the fat contents and fatty acid profiles of 20 species of marine fish and 6 species of squid and shrimp (obtained in the fishing port of Pattani, Thailand), in addition to 7 types of Thai freshwater fish to create a fatty acid da...

This study was designed in such a way to assess the toxicity effect of 2,4D (Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) pesticide in fish physiology and its antioxidant stress. Channa striatus fish were administered with two different doses compensation of 2,4-D pesticide of 100 and 200 mg/kg. After a matter of time interval the effect of 2,4-D on fish behavior and its toxic level was determined by assessing ...

The increasing intensification of aquaculture production requires the development strategies to reduce its environmental impacts such as pollution caused by discharge nutrient-rich sediments into local water bodies. This research was undertaken investigate and evaluate effect using organic fertilizers produced from pond sludge freshwater snakehead fish ( Channa striata ) composted with amendmen...