Here we report that in staurosporine-induced apoptosis of HeLa cells, Bid, a BH3 domain containing protein, translocates from the cytosol to mitochondria. This event is associated with a change in conformation of Bax which leads to the unmasking of its NH2-terminal domain and is accompanied by the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. A similar finding is reported for cerebellar granule ce...

Bid sniping is the most common strategy used in online auctions whereby the bidder places a bid in the closing seconds in order to win the auction. This denies other bidders the time to react and suppresses the final price. While bid sniping is beneficial to the winner, it disadvantages other bidders and the seller does not get the full amount of revenue s/he might otherwise have received in a ...

Upon Ag encounter, naive T cells undergo extensive Ag-driven proliferation and can differentiate into effector cells. Up to 95% of these cells die leaving a small residual population of T cells that provide protective memory. In this study, we investigated the contribution of the BH3-only family protein Bid in the shutdown of T cell responses after acute and persistent infection. Influenza viru...

The mechanisms through which Caspase-2 leads to cell death are controversial. Here we show, using a combination of cell-free and cell culture-based approaches, that cleavage of the Bcl-2-family protein Bid is required for the induction of apoptosis by Caspase-2. Caspase-2 promoted cytochrome c release from mitochondria in the presence of cytosol from wild-type, but not Bid-deficient, mouse embr...

PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy of dorzolamide 1% (bid or tid) or brinzolamide 1% bid on 24-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) control as well as patients' preference for either drug when added in combination with latanoprost against glaucoma (IOP, >/=18 mmHg). METHODS In this randomized crossover study patients were assigned to receive latanoprost plus either dorzolamide or brinzolamide for...

Release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space is critical to apoptosis induced by a variety of death stimuli. Bid is a BH3-only prodeath Bcl-2 family protein that can potently activate this efflux. In the current study, we investigated the mitochondrial localization of Bid and its interactions with mitochondrial phospholipids, focusing on their relationships with Bid-induce...

We empirically study buyer behavior in an online outsourcing website where sealed bid auctions are held with bids arriving over time. We focus on when buyers terminate their requests and how they behave when choosing the winning bid. We find that buyers are more likely to choose the last bid; and all other positions (i.e., the first bid, the second bid, until the penultimate bid) are chosen wit...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, over 52 weeks in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) despite prior treatment. METHODS Patients were randomized to placebo (n = 168), apremilast 20 mg BID (n = 168), or apremilast 30 mg BID (n = 168). Patients whose swollen and tender joint counts had not improved by ≥ 20% at Week 16 ...

Bcl-2 homology domain (BH) 3-only proteins couple stress signals to evolutionarily conserved mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. Caspase 8-mediated cleavage of the BH3-only protein Bid into a truncated protein (tBid) and subsequent translocation of tBid to mitochondria has been implicated in death receptor signaling. We utilized a recombinant fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) Bid prob...