Existing works on distributed averaging explore linear iterations based on reversible Markov chains. The convergence of such algorithms is bounded to be slow due to the diffusive behavior of the reversible chains. It has been observed that by overcoming the diffusive behavior, certain nonreversible chains lifted from reversible ones mix substantially faster than the original chains [1], [2]. In...

Single crystals of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-b-polystyrene (PS), PEG-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), PEG-b-polycaprolactone (PCL), and polyaniline (PANI)-b-PEG-b-PANI were developed from dilute solutions and thin molten films using self-seeding methodology. The PS and PMMA grafted chains were categorized in disordered nano-brushes; however, the PCL and PANI ones were grouped in ordere...

The diel vertical distribution of young-of-the-year (YOY) burbot Lota lota in the pelagic zone of Lake Constance was compared to light intensity at the surface and to the light intensity at their mean depth. Lota lota larvae inhabited the pelagic zone of Lake Constance from the beginning of May until the end of August. From early June, after the stratification of the water column, fish performe...

the wiener index is the sum of distances between all pairs of vertices in a connected graph. in this paper, explicit expressions for the expected value of the wiener index of three types of random pentagonal chains (cf. figure 1) are obtained.

Understanding the transmission dynamics and persistence of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in the wild is an important scientific and public health challenge because this system represents both a reservoir for recombination and a source of novel, potentially human-pathogenic strains. The current paradigm locates all important transmission events on the nearly direct fecal/oral bird-to-bird pathw...

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) signaling is one of the key technologies current mobile communication systems. However, complex and expensive radio frequency (RF) chains have always limited increase MIMO scale. In this letter, we propose a transmission architecture based on dual-polarized reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), which can directly achieve modulation multichannel signals ...

Quantum interference (QI) in molecular transport junctions can lead to dramatic reductions of the electron transmission at certain energies. In a recent work [Markussen et al., Nano Lett., 2010, 10, 4260] we showed how the presence of such transmission nodes near the Fermi energy can be predicted solely from the structure of a conjugated molecule when the energies of the atomic p(z) orbitals do...

Locally acquired hepatitis E in humans from industrialized countries has been repeatedly suggested to originate from pigs. Pigs may serve as a reservoir of hepatitis E virus (HEV) for humans when a typical infected pig causes on average more than one newly infected pig, a property that is expressed by the basic reproduction ratio R(0). In this study, R(0) for HEV transmission among pigs was est...