Passive acoustic sensors have the potential to become a valuable complementary component in red deer Cervus elaphus monitoring providing deeper insight into behavior of stags during rutting period. Automation data acquisition and processing is crucial for adaptation wider uptake monitoring. Therefore, an automated workflow concept call detection localization was proposed demonstrated. The uniqu...

Altered species interactions are difficult to predict and yet may drive the response of ecological communities to climate change. We show that declining snowpack strengthens the impacts of a generalist herbivore, elk (Cervus elaphus), on a common tree species. Thick snowpack substantially reduces elk visitation to sites; aspen (Populus tremuloides) shoots in these areas experience lower browsin...

Once, Europe was one large natural area, across which species of animals and plants were able freely to move and disperse. Today, a satellite image of Europe looks like a Persian carpet cut into millions of small rectangular pieces, each fashioned by the plough and the spade over thousands of years of cultivation. The consequence of this change is that species have disappeared. For example, ani...

To evaluate the genetic diversity of the Xinjiang Tarim red deer (Cervus elaphus yarkandensis) population, we analyzed the frequencies of microsatellite alleles. Samples were collected from 3 isolated populations in Xaya, Lopnur and Qarqan of Xinjiang. Although 10 microsatellite loci were examined, alleles of 133 to 190 base-pairs were detected for only 3 loci: BM5004, BM4208 and BM888. The ave...

This study uses data from repeatedly measured forest monitoring plots (20 × 20 m) (n = 32) and nine ungulate exclosures (paired fenced and unfenced plots; 20 × 20 m) to show the effects of introduced ungulates on tree regeneration in Pureora Forest Park, central North Island, between 1974 and 2002. Results show that introduced ungulates, particularly red deer (Cervus elaphus scoticus), have sup...

Classical population genetics theory predicts that selection should deplete heritable genetic variance for fitness. We show here that, consistent with this prediction, there was a negative correlation between the heritability of a trait and its association with fitness in a wild population of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and there was no evidence of significant heritability of total fitness. Howev...