The efficacy and safety of a new platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist, E5880, were investigated for preventing cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in 71 patients with SAH who underwent surgery for ruptured aneurysms within 3 days. Intravenous E5880 administration (300 micrograms or 1200 micrograms twice daily) was begun within 4 days and continued for 14 days. The i...

Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Is Angiographic Vasospasm an Epiphenomenon? To the Editor: We would like to congratulate the Clazosentan to Overcome Neurological Ischemia and Infarction Occurring After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (CONSCIOUS-1) investigators with the completion of this large phase IIb study, investigating the effect of the endothelin receptor A an...

The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) is a widely accepted and commonly utilized approach for the resection of various pituitary tumors. While complications commonly include diabetes insipidus, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and anterior lobe insufficiency cerebral vasospasm may also rarely occur. Herein, we report the unique case of a 44-year-old female who underwent uncomplicated endoscopic end...

In 1988, Call and colleagues described four patients and reviewed a total of 19 patients from the literature who presented with a self-limited syndrome of recurrent, sudden, high-intensity headaches ('thunderclap headache') associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, generalized seizures (7/19), recurrent transient neurological symptoms (7/19), or permanent neurological deficits such as hemi...

Fourteen experiments have been completed to develop an improved primate model of chronic cerebral vasospasm. Results show that by placing a 0.4 mm needle through the intracranial internal carotid artery and percutaneously removing it the following day, cerebral vasospasm is regularly present five days later. There has been no mortality. The results of two monkeys followed with serial angiograms...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Despite extensive investigative efforts, there are few treatments that can prevent vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. This study was conducted to examine the efficacy and safety of nicardipine prolonged-release implants (NPRI) for humans, which have already been proven in dogs. METHODS Twenty consecutive subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with thick subarachnoid clo...

In this manuscript a comprehensive coverage of recent developments in the drug therapy of vasospasm while providing the background information that neuroscientists need to understand its rationale. The range of new agents available for treatment of cerebral vasospasm is expanding rapidly along with rapid advances in pharmacology and physiology that are uncovering the mechanisms of this disease....