Wind power generation is variable and uncertain. In the power systems with high penetration of wind power, determination of equivalent operating reserve is the main concern of systems operator. In this paper, a model is proposed to determine operating reserves in simultaneous market clearing of energy and reserve by stochastic programming based on scenarios generated via Monte Carlo simulation ...

The Multi Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (MC-CDMA) system with time division duplex mode, adopting unbalanced slot allocation between uplink and downlink, is a good solution for asymmetric multimedia traffic. A centralized common slot allocation to minimize inter-cell interference is not feasible as neighboring cells may carry different rates of traffic load. In this paper, we investigat...

The Under-frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) scheme has been used by utility companies around the world to mitigate frequency drop caused by simultaneous or cascading tripping of transmission lines and/or generators in a power system. In the effort to devise an optimal load shedding scheme, it is imperative that investigations are done on the many factors that may affect the response of the scheme ...

This paper proposes an Optimal Power Flow for defining the minimum load to be shed maintain steady-state frequency between allowable limits in islanded microgrids. The droop coefficients and setpoints (no-load voltage of each Distributed Generator) are optimized considering microgrid frequency, nodal voltages, power generation (apparent reactive powers). approach is applied a 33 nodes, 24 hours...