BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is no longer restricted to hospital settings, and population-based incidence measures are needed. Understanding the determinants of CDI incidence will allow for more meaningful comparisons of rates and accurate national estimates. METHODS Data from active population- and laboratory-based CDI surveillance in 7 US states were used to identify CDI...

Background. Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) are the main cause of healthcare associated diarrhea. Inappropriate use of antibiotics (AB) is a significant risk factor for CDI. The aim of this study is to determine the proportion of CDI patients who received inappropriate AB prior to developing CDI. Methods. This is a retrospective cohort study to assess the proportion of newly diagnosed CD...

We explored the epidemiology and outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) recurrence among Medicare patients in a nursing home (NH) whose CDI originated in acute care hospitals.We conducted a retrospective, population-based matched cohort combining Medicare claims with Minimum Data Set 3.0, including all hospitalized patients age ≥65 years transferred to an NH after hospitalization wit...

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a spore-forming, toxin-producing, gram-positive anaerobic bacterium that is the principal etiologic agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Infection with C. difficile (CDI) is characterized by diarrhea in clinical syndromes that vary from self-limited to mild or severe. Since its initial recognition as the causative agent of pseudomembranous colitis, C....

BACKGROUND/AIMS Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) are commonly prescribed for stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) in critically ill patients. Several studies have suggested that the use of PPIs is a potential risk factor for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). We compared the incidences of CDI in the PPI group and H2RA group for SUP in critically ill patie...

Dr. N.M. Joshi, BSc, MRCP Clinical Research Fellow. Prof. D.S. Rampton, DPhil, FRCP. Professor of Clinical Gastroenterology, Centre for Digestive Diseases, Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at higher risk of developing Clostridium difficile...

Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming Gram-positive anaerobic bacillus, and is the leading cause of nosocomial diarrhea and colitis in the industrialized world. The incidence and mortality rates of C. difficile infection (CDI) have increased dramatically in the past decade. CDI is difficult to treat as antibiotic options are limited. Moreover, 15-35% of patients infected with C. difficile re...

1.1 Condition: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). A diagnosis of CDI implies: a) laboratory detection of C. difficile toxins and/or toxigenic C. difficile in faeces, rectal swab or bowel contents PLUS b) relevant clinical manifestations: diarrhoea (usually defined as 3 or more loose stools in a 24 hour period) or, less commonly, ileus, toxic megacolon or pseudomembranous colitis (identified...

We report a case of ulcerative colitis (UC) and recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) where the patient was on immunomodulatory therapy and had successful CDI eradication after fecal transplantation. This is the first case report in the literature documenting successful C. difficile eradication in an immunosuppressed patient. We feel that fecal transplantation should be studied as a t...

Standard treatment for severe Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is oral vancomycin with metronidazole. After failure of this standard regimen, treatment becomes challenging. A young woman treated for septic shock developed CDI. Standard treatment failed and she was ineligible for fecal transplant. Addition of tigecycline to her regimen resulted in cure.