objectives: platelets are anucleated fragments derived from megakaryocytes. it has been demonstrated that platelets play a role in hemostasis and innate immunity. in addition, platelets have a cd40 ligand which is an important molecular marker in motivating immune cells. thus, platelets also have a role in adaptive immunity as seen by their ability to activate b cells. since human platelet micr...

© 2008 Weller et al. The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Exp. Med. Vol. 205 No. 6 1331-1342 www.jem.org/cgi/doi/10.1084/jem.20071555 1331 In humans, peripheral blood B cells expressing the CD27 marker and mutated Ig receptors are usually considered to be memory B cells generated in germinal centers (GCs) during immune responses to T-dependent (TD) antigens. In adults, approximately half ...

Immunosenescence is considered a major contributory factor to the increased frequency of morbidity and mortality among elderly. On the other hand centenarians are considered the best example of successful ageing. To gain insight into mechanisms of immunosenescence and its clinical relevance, a possible model is represented by centenarians and/or their offspring. Nowadays centenarians are not mo...

Staphylococcus aureus mastitis remains a major challenge for dairy farming. Here, 24 mice were immunized and divided into four groups: G1: control; G2: Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) DNA vaccine; G3: F0F1 ATP synthase subunit ? (SAS), succinyl-diaminopimelate (SDD), cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CTS) recombinant proteins; G4: SAS+SDD+CTS plus GM-CSF vaccine. The lymphocy...

Abstract Background and Aims Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a shift to senescent B cells, namely, switched memory (SM) (CD19+IgD-CD27+) exhausted-double negative (DN) (CD19+IgD-CD27-) subtypes. The aim of this study was evaluate the impact T cell immunity in distinct - pattern SLE. Method A wide range exhaustion related lymphocyte surface molecules, including CD45RA, CCR...

During the recall response by CD27(+) IgG class-switched human memory B cells, total IgG secreted is a function of the following: 1) the number of IgG-secreting cells (IgG-SC), and 2) the secretion rate of each cell. In this study, we report the quantitative ELISPOT method for simultaneous estimation of single-cell IgG secretion rates and secreting cell frequencies in human B cell populations. ...

Abstract Background/Aims Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease characterised by dryness resulting from chronic lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands and extra glandular manifestations such as arthritis, anemia, fatigue. The more frequent in women aged 30-50. However, rare cases, starts childhood, known juvenile SS (jSS). Children have different clinical compared t...

© 2008 Weller et al. The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Exp. Med. Vol. 205 No. 6 1331-1342 www.jem.org/cgi/doi/10.1084/jem.20071555 1331 In humans, peripheral blood B cells expressing the CD27 marker and mutated Ig receptors are usually considered to be memory B cells generated in germinal centers (GCs) during immune responses to T-dependent (TD) antigens. In adults, approximately half ...