Classic (or ‘‘cumulative’’) case-control sampling designs do not admit inferences about quantities of interest other than risk ratios and then only by making the rare events assumption. Probabilities, risk differences, number needed to treat, and other quantities cannot be computed without knowledge of the population incidence fraction. Similarly, density (or ‘‘risk set’’) case-control sampling...

This chapter introduces critical gameplay design as a technique for creating digital games that offer alternative play. Critical gameplay provides the opportunity to explore game ethics through the way games are designed to be played. Since game designers outline the rules of play, game designs outline designer’s definitions of what is ethical and important. Taking the notion that, design is re...

Every year in the UK more than 4000 people die in accidents in and around the home and nearly three million turn up at accident and emergency departments seeking treatment. Intrinsic in this number are many incidents of injury or death directly attributable to poor product design or manufacture of domestic products. In and around the home, commodities that dominate so much of every-day life are...

The following interesting and uncommon headache disorders are presented through case studies: exploding head syndrome, hypnic headache, neck-tongue syndrome, "Alice in Wonderland" syndrome, nummular headache, red ear syndrome, burning mouth syndrome, spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome, and cardiac cephalalgia.

Cohort and case-control methodologies are the main tools for analytical epidemiological research. Other important types of epidemiological studies mainly for generating hypotheses include cross-sectional and ecological, or correlation studies. The conclusions that can be drawn from findings of these types of studies are, however, much weaker compared to those of cohort and case-control studies....

Case history A 20 year old professional footballer presented with pain and swelling of the left thigh after a kick three weeks previously. He had sustained a number of injuries in the past including a previous calf haematoma because of the nature of his profession but none had been as severe. Clinical examination revealed a normal gait. There was definite but diVuse swelling of the extensor com...

1. Etiology 2. Distribution 3. Disease in Animals 4. Disease in Humans 4.1. Cutaneous Anthrax 4.2. Intestinal Anthrax 4.3. Pulmonary (inhalation) Anthrax 4.4. Other Forms of Anthrax 5. Vaccines and Treatment 6. The cases of large occurrence 6.1. An Unusual Outbreak of Anthrax in Australia 6.2. Human Anthrax in Zimbabwe 6.3. The Sverdlovsk Anthrax Outbreak of 1979 6.4. Outbreaks of Anthrax Zoono...

Telecare services use information and communications technology (ICT) to support the provision of care to people in their own homes. This paper describes a pilot telecare service employed by Liverpool (UK) City Council to support a sample of their frail and elderly social services users. The pilot has been running for over two years and has been deployed for 21 individuals in Liverpool. In this...

Many studies on signed social networks focus on predicting the different relationships between users. However this prediction usually separate the links into positive or negative. Neutral links are either ignored or considered as part of negative links. This project is focused on the idea that if neutral links can provide information which in turn enhances the prediction of other links.

A new era of automatic train control has begun, in which mass transit trains will be commanded with precision beyond the capabilities of past systems. Although transit properties such as San Francisco's Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) have controlled their trains automatically for decades, the control systems have limited capability. Increases in capacity now require trains to run closer together...