The TMJ articulation is a very complex system with muscles, ligaments and cartilage. The latest option is TMJ arthoplasty. The present work studies the behavior of a commercial fossa in a total TMJ implant. The most critical region is the first two screws in the condyle and the cranium. The fossa component presents some critical aspect in the stress observed. The contact point with the fossa co...

Surgical emphysema of the larynx is rare in the absence of trauma and there are a paucity of case reports that describe such conditions. We present what we believe to be an unusual, atraumatic mechanism for mucosal breech of the larynx with subsequent surgical emphysema. Nasendoscopy revealed oedema of the arytenoid cartilage and computed tomography revealed moderate subcutaneous emphysema of t...

Solitary osteochondromas are common benign long bone tumors originating from cartilage. They may produce a wide variety of symptoms and complications depending on their spinal location. These may include compressive myelopathy, nerve root compression, pathologic fracture and malignant degeneration, or in some cases only pain. Solitary cervical spine osteochondromas have been reported mostly in ...

Injuries to the first rib synchondrosis are uncommon in sport. The potential for serious complications following posterior displacement is similar to that seen with posterior sternoclavicular joint dislocation. Clinical examination and plain radiography may not provide a definitive diagnosis. Computerised tomography is the most appropriate imaging modality if this injury is suspected. Posterior...

Laryngeal traumas are rarely seen. A tracheostomy was performed in a 39-year-old male patient who developed dyspnea following a neck trauma. Computed tomography examination revealed fracture of the thyroid cartilage. He was treated successfully by open reduction and miniplate fixation. No problems were detected in airway patency and voice quality on postoperative controls. No complications were...

Fracture healing is closely related to the number and activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) near the fracture site. The present study was to investigate the effect of Rg1 on osteogenic differentiation of cultured BMSCs and related mechanisms and on the fracture healing in a fracture model. In vitro experiments showed that Rg1 promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differenti...

Histologically, Schmorl's nodes are defined as the loss of nuclear material through the cartilage plate, growth plate, and end plate into the vertebral body. Most Schmorl's nodes are asymptomatic, although there are some reports of symptomatic Schmorl's nodes, which should be treated similarly to vertebral compression fractures, with conservative treatment as the first choice. We report the cas...

INTRODUCTION The combination of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and long-bone fracture leads to increased formation of callus and mineral density in wild-type (WT) mice. However, this effect was not detected radiologically in leptin-deficient mice. Due to the complex interactions between hormonal and bone metabolism and the important role of leptin in this setting, our aim was to investigate morph...

OBJECTIVES Complicated fracture healing is often associated with the severity of surrounding muscle tissue trauma. Since inflammation is a primary determinant of musculoskeletal health and regeneration, it is plausible that delayed healing and non-unions are partly caused by compounding local inflammation in response to concomitant muscle trauma. METHODS AND RESULTS To investigate this possib...