the sepah-salar complex, including the mosque and the school, has a set of qajar era architectural art including tile-work, painting, inscription, stucco, woodwork and carpentry. the complex was made and endowed by hossein khan, known as sepah-salar (1241-1298 a.h/ 1825- 1882 a.d). he employed the best and the most famous artists and architectures of his era using his own asset. the inscription...

tombstones have been mirrors of the culture and customs of traditional societies in iran. in pristine areas such as the city of the province of ilam; darreh-shahr, decorative motifs of tombstones are a gateway to the world of religious and cultural thoughts of the people of this land. the city darreh-shahr cemetery tombstones are similar to other iran regions and abdanan tombstones in ilam, ado...

This institution, formerly known as the Reform School for Boys, was established at Lansing in 1856. The governing board consists of three members appointed by the governor for terms of six years. Boys between the ages of ten and sixteen, when convicted of any crime against the statutes not punishable by life imprisonment, are sent to this school, to remain until they are seventeen years of age,...

Noise is the most frequent type of occupational exposure and can lead to both auditory and extra-auditory dysfunction as well as increasing the risk of work accidents. The purpose of this study was to estimate the attributable fraction of work accidents related to occupational noise exposure in a medium-sized city in Southeast Brazil. In this hospital-based case-control study, including 600 cas...

John Dewey lived and worked in an environment where the manual training movement was ever present. For Dewey, his own unique version of manual training is labeled “occupations.” Nevertheless, over the years, what Dewey meant by occupations has been either misinterpreted or ignored for a plethora of reasons. Th is manual training climate that Dewey was a part of was dominant and Dewey could not ...

Two court cases, McLean v. Arkansas (“Arkansas”) in 1980 and Kitzmiller et al. v. Dover Area School District et al. (“Dover”) in 2005, showed how decisive philosophy can be when wielding the demarcation argument, as both creation science and intelligent design were denied victories because they were judged to be unscientific based on demarcation arguments. However, since the Arkansas decision a...

The article describes the contribution of the ADES (Association pour le Développement de l’Énergie Solaire Suisse Madagascar) Solar Cooker Project in the south of Madagascar: fighting the ongoing deforestation, preserving the environment and fighting poverty. It explains advantages and disadvantages of solar cooking and the challenges to change traditional cooking habits. It shows the achieveme...

Engineering judgement and intuition are vital characteristic of the design profession. Engineering judgement and intuition are developed through experience. This experience is gained by designing a building (working with industry disciplines and the owner); analyzing the building (calculations); being part of the construction process (constructability), and walking through the final product (en...

The informal sector plays a very important role in the development of the economies of nation. In Africa, the majority of the informal sector organisations are involved in small businesses and social services that are vital to economic development. Apart from laying the foundation for promoting the evolution of large firms that ultimately dominate the formal sector, it also provides employment ...

There is a frequent misperception that the move from behaviorism to cognitivism implied an abandonment of the possibilities of decomposing knowledge into its elements for purposes of study and decontextualizing these elements for purposes of instruction. We show that cognitivism does not imply outright rejection of decomposition and decontextualization. We critically analyze two movements which...