Purpose: To report a rare case of slow progression carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).Case summary: A 66-year-old man presented conjunctival injection and proptosis in the right eye. Best-corrected visual acuity was 0.8 0.5 left eye, respectively, vessel enlargement subconjunctival hemorrhage were observed eye on slit lamp examination. Due to suspicion CC...

BACKGROUND Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. The pathogenesis of spontaneous CCF remains unclear, although sinus thrombosis is known to be a predisposing factor for dural arteriovenous fistula. Because spontaneous CCFs are mainly of the dural type, we considered that thrombogenic conditions, such as, protein S defici...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In this study, we present our experience with 11 patients with ruptured cavernous sinus aneurysms causing carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs), to assess the incidence of ruptured cavernous sinus aneurysms causing CCFs and evaluate clinical presentations, treatments, and outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS During a 10-year period, 10 of 689 (1.5%) endovascular-treated ruptured ...

Abstract Background Indirect carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) are dural arteriovenous fistula of the cavernous sinus and generally present with ocular symptoms. High index clinical suspicion radiological work up is required for diagnosis, treatment primarily endovascular embolization. We our experience in diagnosis management indirect CCF along technical evolution to perform embolization differ...

A21-year-old woman presented with left ocular pain and severe pulsatile headache. She had suffered from easy bruisability since she was young. On physical examination, ecchymoses and bruises were noticed on trauma sites (Figure 1A). The skin was so thin that subcutaneous blood vessels were visible (Figure 1B). Huge hematomas and ecchymoses occurred at the puncture sites after angiography (Figur...

Intracranial cavernomas, initially described as rare lesions [1], have been seen with increasing frequency since the advent of MR imaging [2-5]. MR features of cavernomas are highly suggestive of the diagnosis, although not pathognomonic. Cavernomas are classically intraparenchymal lesions and occult to angiography. They have a pseudotumoral growth [6] and a low potential for life-threatening h...

AIM This study reports our preliminary experiences in performing detachable micro-coils embolization for refractory traumatic carotid cavernous fistulas (TCCFs) and evaluates its efficacy and safety. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifteen consecutive patients with TCCFs treated with detachable micro-coils after initial failure of detachable balloons embolization are presented. RESULTS The fistulas we...