We describe the first catalytic decarboxylative fluorination reaction based on the nucleophilic fluoride ion. The reported method allows the facile replacement of various aliphatic carboxylic acid groups with fluorine. Moreover, the potential of this method for PET imaging has been demonstrated by the successful (18) F labeling of a variety of carboxylic acids with radiochemical conversions up ...

The potential role of a new energy efficient fermentation technology has been receiving growing attention in past 4 decades. Carboxylic acids such as propionic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, itaconic acid, butyric acid and nicotinic acid etc. have been used as the most efficient fermentation chemicals. This paper presents a state-of-art review on the development of the separatio...

The mixed anhydrides with N-acyl carbamic acid (IV) were prepared by the reaction of carboxylic acids (Ill) with N-chlorocarbonyl lactams (Ila) or sec. amides (lib). Decarboxylation of IV yielded N-acyl lactams (VI), while symmetrical anhydrides (VII) were obtained by the side reaction of IV with carboxylic acids (III). Aminolysis of IV yielded carboxylic acid amides (IX) in high yield and puri...

In this paper the use of a computer-controlled photodiode array spectrophotometric detector for the high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) profiling of carboxylic acids in physiological fluids is reported. The ultraviolet spectrum of the flowing eluent is obtained at 6-sec intervals and is displayed as the absorbance at 190 nm. A three-dimensional (time versus wavelength versus absorban...

In situ EPR spectroscopy at cryogenic temperatures has been used to observe and identify paramagnetic species produced when titania is irradiated in the presence of reactants used in the photocatalytic alkylation of maleimide with t-butyl carboxylic acid or phenoxyacetic acid. It is shown that maleimide acts as an acceptor of conduction band electrons. Valence band holes oxidise t-butyl carboxy...

A new conjugate, 1 -(y-i-glutamylamino)cyclopropane-1 -carboxylic acid (CACC), of the ethylene precursor 1 -aminocyclopropane1 -carboxylic acid (ACC) i s identified. The only previously identified conjugate of ACC i s 1 -(malonylamino)cyclopropane-1 -carboxylic acid (MACC). CACC, not MACC, was the major conjugate formed by crude protein extracts of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mil1 cv Ailsa ...

The yeast Trichosporon mucoides, grown on either glucose or phenol, was able to transform biphenyl into a variety of mono-, di-, and trihydroxylated derivatives hydroxylated on one or both aromatic rings. While some of these products accumulated in the supernatant as dead end products, the ortho-substituted dihydroxylated biphenyls were substrates for further oxidation and ring fission. These r...

Determination of the structure of heparin-derived oligosaccharides by H NMR is challenging because resonances for all but the anomeric protons cover less than 2 ppm. By taking advantage of increased dispersion of resonances for the anomeric H protons at low pD and the superior resolution of band-selective, homonuclear-decoupled (BASHD) two-dimensional H NMR, the primary structure of the heparin...