Reaction of thionyl chloride with 7-chloro-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4- oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid 1 gave acid chloride 2. Compound 2 was reacted with glycine and D-glutamic acid to afford 2-(7-chloro-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4- dihydroquinoline-3-carbonyl) aminopantandioicacid 3a and 2-(7-chloro-1-cyclopropyl-6- fluoro -4- oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carbonyl)aminoacetica...

N-Substituted amides of endo-3-(3-methylthio-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylic acid and 1-(5-methylthio-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)cyclohexane-2-carboxylic acid were prepared by the condensation reaction of endo-S-methyl-N1-(bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarbonyl)isothiosemicarbazide and S-methyl-N1-(cyclohexane-2,3-dicarbonyl)isothiosemicarbazide with primary amines. The synthe...

Esterification of several carboxylic acids with supercritical alcohols such as 1-propanol, 1butanol, 1-octanol, isoamylalcohol, ethanol, methanol, and subcritical benzyl alcohol without using any catalyst was studied. A variety of esters were synthesized very effectively using supercritical alcohols as solvent and reagent. Moderate to excellent yields were obtained depending on the nature of th...

Decarboxylative coupling reactions offer an attractive route to generate functionalized arenes from simple and readily available carboxylic acid coupling partners, yet they are underutilized due to limitations in the scope of carboxylic acid coupling partner. Here we report that the field effect parameter (F) has a substantial influence on the rate of decarboxylation of well-defined silver benz...

Precursors of podophyllotoxin were synthesized and screened for their antibacterial activity. The results proved that ethyl-2-(3'-methyl-4'-methoxybenzoyl)-3-(4″ methoxyphenol)-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and Ethyl-2-(3'-methyl-4'-methoxybenzyol-3-1 3″, 4″-dimethoxyphenyl)-cyclopropane-carboxylic acid have significant antibacterial activity against Citrobacter sp., Escherchia coli, Klebsiell...

The antiplatelet drug clopidogrel is metabolized to an acyl-β-d-glucuronide, which causes time-dependent inactivation of CYP2C8. Our aim was to characterize the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes that are responsible for the formation of clopidogrel acyl-β-d-glucuronide. Kinetic analyses and targeted inhibition experiments were performed using pooled human liver and intestine microsomes ...

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides derived from acenaphthylene-1,2-dione and 5methyl-benzo[b]-thiophene-2,3-dione with L-proline, thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid and 1,2,3,4tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with various electron deficient dipolarophiles leads to the formation of novel spiroheterocycles having two or more chiral centers. Semiempirical studies have been performe...

The stereocontrolled synthesis of a racemic carboxylic acid of crambescin B, a marine alkaloid, is described. The synthesis features two highly stereoselective reactions: (I) palladium-catalyzed hydroxymethylation of an alkynyl aziridine having an N-guanidino group and (II) cascade bromocyclization providing a spiro-hemiaminal structure. The cell-based colorimetric assay showed that the synthes...

Structure-activity relationship studies of valproic acid (VPA) derivatives have revealed a quantitative correlation between histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition and induction of neural tube defects (NTDs) in the NMRI-exencephaly-mouse model, but this correlation has been, so far, limited to congeners with a carboxylic acid function. Whereas the classical HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A is active...

We present our initial results on the use of supercritical carbon dioxide as both a reactant and as a reaction medium to photo-chemically produce carboxylic acids from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via radical anion intermediates. In the present work, we have found that photolysis of anthracene in supercritical carbon dioxide produces up to 57% yield of 9,10-dihydroanthracene-9-carboxylic ac...