The choice of mechanism for allocating tradable emissions permits has important efficiency and distributional effects when tax and trade distortions are considered. We present different rules for allocating carbon allowances within sectors (lump-sum grandfathering, outputbased allocation [OBA], and auctioning) and among sectors (historical emissions and value-added shares). Using a partial equi...

the corporate income tax rate plays a worthwhile role in developing fiscal and tax policies for companies, lawmakers and analysts. so, one of the most important issues in tax field, is to determine effective tax rates. the study and scientific calculations of the effective tax rates provide an enhanced tax justice and a careful study of tax pressure on taxpayers would be possible. the objective...

This paper uses Wirl’s [Wirl, F., 1995. The exploitation of fossil fuel under the threat of global warming and carbon taxes: A dynamic game approach. Environmental and Resource Economics, 5, 333–352.] model designed to analyze the long-term bilateral interdependence between a resource-exporting cartel and a coalition of resource-importing country governments for investigating under what conditi...

Great expectations are placed in carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology to achieve the goal of neutrality. Governments adopt tax policies discourage manufacturing that is not eco-friendly, subsidies encourage low-carbon production methods. This research investigates which reduction incentive policy more viable for supply chain under CCUS application. The most significant fin...

Many scholars argue that revenue from carbon taxes should be used to replace other taxes, such as on capital or labor, in order minimize economic damage compensate for the regressive nature of tax. Advocates this approach tax could produce a “double dividend,” reducing emissions while also increasing GDP by allowing lowered. This paper suggests caution before adopting approach, two reasons. Fir...

Conventional wisdom holds that the efficient way to achieve a climate target is to price carbon emissions at a rate that increases exponentially. We show that an exponentially increasing tax on carbon emissions is not efficient when climate targets are expressed in terms of temperature. In that case, the least-cost policy path deviates from an exponential trajectory in order to take advantage o...