New methods for the analysis of glucose transporters were used to analyze the molecular mechanisms involved in the insulin-antagonistic effects of growth hormone (GH), which is known as a diabetogenic hormone. The ability of GH to alter the number and mRNA levels of two different glucose transporters in cultured 3T3-F442A adipocytes was investigated using specific antibodies and cDNA probes. At...

Acquired GH resistance together with reduced skeletal muscle mass are found in patients with increased protein catabolism due, for example, to sepsis, trauma, or major surgery. Both administration of glutamine-containing parenteral nutrition and GH treatment have been found to diminish this catabolism. The effects of GH are mediated in part by insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) that is produc...

The sequence variation in small ruminant lentiviruses from Brazilian herds of milking goats was sampled in a representative region of the pol gene and in a region including the entire tat open reading frame. Clones were amplified from cDNA derived from virus produced in vitro using primers targetting conserved sequences of the pol gene. Iterative sequencing of clones indicated that animals from...

Previously, we showed that levels of different CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) mRNAs in the liver of rainbow trout were modulated by GH and suggested that C/EBPs might be involved in GH-induced IGF-II gene expression. As a step toward further investigation, we have developed monospecific polyclonal antibodies to detect rainbow trout C/EBPalpha, -beta1, -beta2, and -delta2 isoform protein...

Chronic growth hormone (GH) therapy has been shown to cause insulin resistance, but the mechanism remains unknown. PTEN, a tumor suppressor gene, is a major negative regulator of insulin signaling. In this study, we explored the effect of chronic GH on insulin signaling in the context of PTEN function. Balb/c healthy mice were given recombinant human or bovine GH intraperitoneally for 3 weeks. ...

GH-releasing factor (GRF) is the hypothalamic peptide that stimulates both synthesis and secretion of GH. The GRF signal is transduced to somatotroph cells through pituitary GRF receptors and generates episodic bursts of GH secretion into the bloodstream. Secretion of GH is highly sexually dimorphic, particularly in the rat [1]. In female rats, GH surges are of lower amplitude and occur more ir...

Title of Document: ROLE OF EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS AND DEXRAS1 IN GLUCOCORTICOID REGULATION OF GROWTH HORMONE EXPRESSION Jyoti Narayana Doctor of Philosophy, 2011 Directed By: Professor Tom E. Porter, PhD Department of Animal and Avian Sciences Biological Sciences Graduate Program Glucocorticoid induction of growth hormone in anterior pituitary cells of embryonic chickens is an indirect effect...

Peripheral GH insensitivity may underlie idiopathic short stature in children. As the clinical and biochemical hallmarks of partial GH insensitivity have not yet been clearly elucidated, the identification of such patients is still difficult. We integrated functional, biochemical, and molecular studies to define the more reliable marker(s) of GH insensitivity. In particular, we measured GH rece...

Introduction/Aim: Spondylodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (sdEDS) is a rare genetic disorder of collagen synthesis, caused by mutation in the B4GALT7, B3GALT6, or SLC39A13 gene. Features this very are short stature, hypotonia, hyperflexible joints, soft, thin, and overly stretchable skin, sparse hair eyebrows, elderly face, wide forehead prolonged wound healing. Molecular analysis needed for ...