We monitored individual plants of winterberry (Ilex verticil/ala), highbush cranberry (Viburnum opulus), wild lily-of-the-valley (Maianthemum canadense), and partridgeberry (Mitchel/a repens) during two reproductive seasons to measure the disappearance of fruits (presumably removed by fruit-eating animals) in plant species whose fruits ripen in early fall but persist through the winter. Pattern...

Extracts and juices of cultivated and wild fruits belonging to the families Rosaceae, Grossulariaceae, Moraceae, Berberidaceae, Polygonaceae, Caprifoliaceae and Cornaceae were examined for their growth reducing activity on four bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus var. mycoides, Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens). In vitro antibacterial activities were evaluated by microdilution plate ...

The tree species that dominate the cloud-zone forests of Macaronesia, the coastal redwoods of California, the Valdivian forests of Chile, the Atlantic forests of Brazil and the podocarp forests of New Zealand are all examples of paleoendemic species that once had a much wider distribution. They appear to owe their survival to the particular environmental conditions provided by coastal sites or ...

introduction: macrophomina phaseolina is the causal agent of soybean charcoal rot. this disease is one of the most prevalent and destructive of soybean in the north of iran. this pathogen has broad host range and invades more than 500 plant species of 75 families, such as caprifoliaceae. symptoms on stems appear as silver-gray lesions near the base, which eventually decay the stem. plants show ...

Nucleotide sequences of the chloroplast gene rbcL were analyzed to examine relationships among the large, distinctive family Asteraceae and eight putatively closely related families. Phylogenetic analysis of a total of 24 sequences of rbcL identified a lineage consisting of two families, the Goodeniaceae and Calyceraceae, as the sister group to the Asteraceae. In addition, a strongly supported ...

The chemical communication between plants and insects plays a pivotal role in shaping plant–insect interactions ecological networks, making it vital component both natural agricultural ecosystems. Despite the considerable advancements field of ecology (Meinwald & Eisner, 2008), numerous challenges remain due to its interdisciplinary nature (encompassing evolutionary biology, neurobiology, chemi...

Because cultivation of exotic woody ornamental plants has led to establishment of a number of invasive species, there is considerable interest in breeding methods to reduce the propensity for spread. We review progress in conventional breeding and transgenic biotechnology approaches to producing sterile forms of ornamental woody plants. Conventional forms of inducing sterility, including induct...