background health literacy presents an enormous challenge in the delivery of effective healthcare and quality outcomes. we evaluated the impact of low health literacy (lhl) on healthcare utilization and healthcare expenditure.   methods database analysis used medical expenditure panel survey (meps) from 2005-2008 which provides nationally representative estimates of healthcare utilization and e...

BACKGROUND The main goal of this study is to examine the distributions of illness conditions and resulting medical expenditures and their associated factors. To achieve this goal, an in-house survey was conducted in August of 2012 in rural Beijing, the capital city of China. RESULTS The survey was conducted in Nanjianchang and Beijianchang, which are two villages 20 KM away from Miyun, a sate...

This report presents the latest estimates of Hong Kong domestic health spending for financial years 1989/90 to 2008/09, cross-stratified and categorised by financing source, provider and function. Total expenditure on health (TEH) was HK$84,391 million in financial year 2008/09, which represents an increase of HK$5030 million or 6.3% over the preceding year. Amid the financial tsunami in late 2...

Many studies explore only use or non-use of capital budgeting methods, and not the factors that determine the selection of the method used in UAE or the region. The relationships between use and independent variables that affect the selection of the method have been studied. The study attempts to fill a gap in the existing literature of capital budgeting practice in the developed and developing...

The volatility of short-term capital flows (or ‘capital surges’) is now recognized as a major problem for macroeconomic management in developing countries; but the consequences for the ‘real’ economy that is, the behaviour of government, firms and households which subsequently translates into investment, growth, employment and welfare is less well understood. Short-term capital flow instability...

This paper presents an economic evaluation of gas to liquids (GTL) project using “South-Pars” gas field of Iran based on the latest actual performing GTL projects. Iran has the world’s largest reserves of natural gas and can satisfy the projected long-term market demand of GTL products which have lower pollution and higher quality than refinery products. The results of cost-benefit analysis sho...

In this paper we investigate the behavior of an overlapping dynasties growth model with factor taxation to determine how much the natives of a country absorbing a flow of immigrants can use shifts in factor taxation or deficit finance to redistribute immigrant income to themselves. In an economy in which government expenditure is a fixed share of net national product, policy-makers can minimize...

This paper examines how amenities, asset indicators, and fiscal factors influence the growth in factors of production from 1972 to 1999 in the 466 non-metropolitan labor market areas in the continental United States. In developing our model of non-metropolitan factor markets, we combine the emphasis of Brown et al. (2003) on the affect of taxes and public expenditure policy on labor and capital...