A rugged and high throughput capillary column (cLC) LC-MS switching platform using large volume injection and on-line automatic filtration and filter back-flush (AFFL) solid phase extraction (SPE) for analysis of environmental water samples with minimal sample preparation is presented. Although narrow columns and on-line sample preparation are used in the platform, high ruggedness is achieved e...

A new method of offline solid-phase microextraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis (CE) [in an uncoated capillary using borax and boric acid in acetonitrile-water (40:60) as the running buffer] with UV detection at 254 nm is presented and used for direct determination of trace biomedically important retinoic acid (RA) without any derivation. As low as 138 ng/mL RA in aqueous solution ca...

The lowering of the groundwater table causes the area above the water table to become unsaturated and capillary phenomena to appear in this zone. This means that the bearing capacity of shallow footings will be influenced by capillary stress or matric suction. In this research, the effect of groundwater table lowering on the bearing capacity of a shallow square model footing on dense sand has b...

In this study, direct laboratory measurements of unsteady-state imbibition test are used in a new approach to obtain relative permeability curves with no predetermined functionality assumptions. Four equations of continuity, Darcy’s law, cumulative oil production, and water fractional flow are employed in combination together under certain assumptions to present the new approach which interpret...