Transient prehypertensive treatment (TPT) causes prolonged antihypertensive and cardioprotective effects. Reduced angiotensin sensitivity has been attributed to those effects. We hypothesize that prehypertensive preconditioning by angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockade improves cardiovascular protection of late-onset AT1R blockade in a model of spontaneous hypertensive heart-failure rat...

Patients with essential hypertension are characterized by impaired basal and agonist-evoked nitric oxide release and increased endogenous endothelin (ET)-1-induced vasoconstriction. To assess whether candesartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, can improve endothelial function, we studied the changes in forearm blood flow (FBF) induced in 15 hypertensive patients and in 15 control su...

CONTEXT Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) reduce combined mortality and hospitalization in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Different agents have different affinity for the AT(1) receptor and may have different clinical effects, but have not been tested against each other in HF. OBJECTIVE To assess the association of candesartan vs losart...

BACKGROUND We examined whether in addition to producing a greater degree of improvement of the arterial stiffness, long-term angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) treatment might also have a more beneficial effect on the cardiac diastolic dysfunction than long-term calcium-channel blocker (CCB) treatment; we also evaluated the association between the improvements of the two variables brought ab...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Acute Candesartan Cilexetil Therapy in Stroke Survivors (ACCESS) study was designed to assess the safety of modest blood pressure reduction by candesartan cilexetil in the early treatment of stroke. The study was also designed to provide an estimate of the number of cases required to perform a larger phase III efficacy study. METHODS Five hundred patients were recru...

Endothelial dysfunction has been demonstrated to occur in small arteries from patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. The effects of angiotensin II receptor blockade on vessel function were examined using pressure myography in a randomized 12-week double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group study using candesartan cilexitil. The maximal vascular response to acetylcholine (Ach) was im...

Dietary sodium, the main determinant of the pharmacodynamic response to renin-angiotensin system blockade, influences the pharmacokinetics of various cardiovascular drugs. We compared the effect of contrasted sodium diets on the pharmacokinetics of single oral doses of 8 mg candesartan cilexetil, 160 mg valsartan, 10 mg ramipril, and 50 mg atenolol administered to 64 (16 per group) normotensive...

The optimal doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) and/or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) for maximal reduction in urinary protein excretion are not known. Moreover, beneficial effects from ARBs, such as tissue protection owing to a more complete blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), may be independent of blood pressure-lowering by ARBs. In this...