introduction : removal of root filling materials is one of the key steps in success of root canal retreatment. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of h-file and protaper with or without chloroform in the removal of gutta-percha during retreatment of mandibular premolars. materials and methods: sixty mandibular premolars with one canal, and curvatures less than 30 degrees were...

Reconstruction strategies for the ear should address the major aesthetic goals of maintaining the helical curvature and the symmetric frontal profile. When the auditory canal is involved, maintaining its patency is a major functional goal. The anatomic location of the defect, by virtue of its topographic features and adjacent donor pools, will dictate the appropriate reconstructive option. Fami...

introduction: due to the importance of apical transportation during root canal preparation, the aim of the current study was to use cone-beam computed tomography (cbct) to assess the extent of apical transportation caused by protaper and mtwo files. methods and materials: forty extracted maxillary first molars with 19-22 mm length and 20-40 degrees of curvature were selected. the mesiobuccal ca...

introduction: disinfection and subsequent obturation of the root canal space require adequate mechanical enlargement of the canals. the purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the shaping ability of mtwo, race and medin rotary instruments during the preparation of curved root canals. materials and methods: sixty mesiobuccal root canals of mandibular molars with severe curvatures between 2...

An essential prerequisite to perform any dental procedure is a clear understanding and knowledge of anatomy its possible variations. The root canal system characterized for complex morphology, which varies among populations, individuals in the same population even person. aim this study was evaluate by CBCT number, curvature, length roots first second maxillary premolars Mexican population. In ...

in this paper, the time-like hyperruled surfaces in the minkowski 4-space and their algebraicinvariants are worked. also some characteristic results are found about these algebraic invariants.

introduction: this study was carried out to evaluate the technical quality of root canal treatment (rct) performed by undergraduate dental students at the islamic azad university in tehran, iran. materials and methods: four-hundred records of patients who had received rct at faculty of dentistry, between the years 2004-2006 were evaluated. for each treated tooth at least three periapical x-rays...

introduction various kinds of hand-held or rotary techniques are used for mechanical preparation of the canal. the purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the number of applications on apical extrusion of debris in conventional and two rotary instrumentation techniques (profile, flex master). methods and materials in this in vitro study, 75 extracted single-rooted human mandibular ...

This study evaluates the amount of remaining tooth structure and possibility of producing lateral perforation following the use of different diameters of parallel-sided Parapost drills in groups of different canal curvatures (0 degrees-15 degrees, 16 degrees-25 degrees, 26 degrees <) in distal canals of first and second mandibular molar teeth. After enlargement of root canals using the crown-do...