In the first part of this paper, we review the evolutionary aspects of age and longevity in fish and then summarize the theory of maturity due to Ray Beverton. This theory allows one to predict age at maturity (and thus a putative point for the onset of senescence) from information on growth rate and mortality rate. We illustrate the application of this theory with data on tilapia species and t...

IV

we and other studies have elucidated single molecules that can attenuate aging and extend longevity. indeed, these molecules could prevent age-associated diseases simultaneously and probably extending healthy-life spans. in this review, we discuss recent advances, controversies, opportunities and challenges surrounding ursolic acid (ua) in relationship with aging. in this regard, ua also known ...

Ageing is the most significant risk factor for a range of prevalent diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Accordingly, interventions are needed for delaying or preventing disorders associated with the ageing process, i.e., promotion of healthy ageing. Calorie restriction is the only nongenetic and the most robust approach to slow the process of ageing in evolutionari...

Horská, Alena, Larry J. Brant, Donald K. Ingram, Richard G. Hansford, George S. Roth, and Richard G. S. Spencer. Effect of long-term caloric restriction and exercise on muscle bioenergetics and force development in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Endocrinol. Metab. 39): E766–E773, 1999.—We evaluated the hypothesis that long-term caloric restriction and exercise would have beneficial effects on muscl...

The mechanisms of alcohol-related peripheral neuropathy (ALPN) are poorly understood. We hypothesize that, like alcohol-related liver and brain degeneration, ALPN may be mediated by combined effects of insulin/IGF resistance and oxidative stress. Adult male Long Evans rats were chronically pair-fed with diets containing 0% or 37% ethanol (caloric), and subjected to nerve conduction studies. Chr...

Both estrogens and androgens are involved in the development and normal functioning of the ovaries. It is also known that ovarian function is regulated by diet. The goal of this study was to estimate the expression of sex hormone receptors in ovaries of mice that were on a 9-month caloric restriction (alternate-day feeding) as compared to normal control animals fed ad libitum. We found that pro...

Resistance to the anabolic effects of growth hormone (GH) occurs with severe caloric deficit. This study examined whether moderate caloric deficit (50% of daily intake for 7 days) in the adolescent rat exceeds a critical threshold for GH action and whether a combination of GH and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) would have enhanced anabolic effects on the diaphragm (Dia). Five groups of rat...

This study examined the effects of caloric restriction on structural and material properties of tibiae and sixth lumbar vertebrae in F344BN male rats. Rats were divided into two dietary groups, ad libitum or calorie restricted. Caloric restriction commenced at 14 weeks of age, with 40% restriction and micronutrient supplementation by 16 weeks maintained until death. Rats were studied at 100% (8...

Multiple periods of caloric restriction (or fasting)/ refeeding in rodents have had inconsistent effects on mammary tumor (MT) development. In the present study, the consequence of intermittent caloric restriction/ refeeding resulting in weight-cycling was evaluated using an oncogene-induced MT mouse model. Hybrid mouse MT virus-transforming growth factor (MMTV-TGF)/ Lep Lep female mice were us...