Salvia milthiorrhiza root (Danshen) is one of the oldest and most traditional drug of chinese origin, mainly used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. the tanshiniones (diterpenoids) and phenolic acids are the main biological active substances of S. miltiorrhiza. the aim of this study was to determine the optimal conditions for callus cultures and biosynthesis of the...

A cryoselection protocol has been developed that provides freezing-tolerant callus that, in turn, can regenerate plants with enhanced cold hardiness. Tolerant calli were selected from spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) callus by immersion in liquid nitrogen without addition of cryoprotectants. Less than 15% of the calli survived the initial challenge, whereas 30 to 40% of previously selected c...

We are interested in the cellular physiological events taking place during shoot regeneration in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Tainan 5) callus induced by osmotic stress. At first, the sucrose and starch metabolisms in rice callus were studied because carbohydrates are the main energy source in plant tissue culture. The results showed that fresh weight, water content, cellular water, and osmotic po...

This research work reports In vitro direct selection of salt-tolerant callus cultures and subsequent plant regeneration in two potato cultivars (Cardinal and Desiree). Results have shown more than 50% reduction in relative fresh callus mass in the two potato cultivars exposed to 120 mM NaCl. Callus morphology correspondingly changed from off-white to blackishbrown at 120 mM to acutely-necrotic ...

A high frequency shoot organogenesis and plant establishment protocol has been developed for Gerbera jamesonii from ex vitro leaf derived callus. The optimal callus was developed on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.4 mg L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 4.0 mg L -naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Two callus types differing in their structures and growth rat...

Background: Tissue culture is a new approach for production of secondary metabolites with many advantages over conventional methods. Elicitors such as nano particles are molecules that can stimulate the production of secondary metabolites. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of some nano particles on mucilage production in Linum usitatissimum under tissue culture condit...

Temperature-sensitive variants of Nicotiana tabacum were isolated from a liquid suspension culture of somatic cells by a negative selection procedure, using bromodeoxyuridine and light. A total of nine such variants have been recovered, with an estimated rate of 2 x 10(-7) per cell division. The appearance of the variants at the permissive temperature varied from nearly wild type, white and fri...

The ability to predict load-bearing capacity during the consolidation phase in distraction osteogenesis by non-invasive means would represent a significant advance in the management of patients undergoing such treatment. Measurements of stiffness have been suggested as a promising tool for this purpose. Although the multidimensional characteristics of bone loading in compression, bending and to...

Bone fracture healing is processed through multiple stages including the cartilaginous callus formation and its transition to bony callus. FGFR3 negatively regulates chondrogenesis and enhances osteogenesis during skeleton development. We previously found in mice carrying gain-of-function mutation of FGFR3 that FGFR3 delays the healing of un-stabilized fracture that heals mainly through endocho...

To clarify the involvement of the arginine decarboxylase (ADC) pathway in the salt stress response, the polyamine titre, putrescine biosynthetic gene expression, and enzyme activities were investigated in apple [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.] in vitro callus under salt stress, during recovery after stress, and when ADC was inhibited by D-arginine, an inhibitor of AD...