Surfactants are widely used in household and industrial products. After use, surfactants as well as their products are mainly discharged into sewage treatment plants and then dispersed into the environment through effluent discharge into surface waters and sludge disposal on lands. Surfactants have different behavior and fate in the environment. Nonionic and cationic surfactants had much higher...

Various chemical drugs have been used for leishmaniasis treatment, but their side effects and drug resistance have led to look for new effective compounds. Crataegus microphylla the traditional and medicinal herb is a valuable source of new Pharmaceutical agents. The extract were prepared The extract obtained by maceration method, and diluted with 5% DMSO. Leishmania major promastigotes were cu...

Dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) has caused several mortality events in Mediterranean striped (Stenella coeruleoalba) and bottlenose (Tursiops truncatus) dolphins populations since 19; in the last 5 years, the virus was reported to infect new hosts in this basin, such as fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus), and even a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). Very recently,...

A molecular film of pulmonary surfactant strongly reduces the surface tension of the lung epithelium-air interface. Human pulmonary surfactant contains 5-10% cholesterol by mass, among other lipids and surfactant specific proteins. An elevated proportion of cholesterol is found in surfactant, recovered from acutely injured lungs (ALI). The functional role of cholesterol in pulmonary surfactant ...

Methods are presented for the quantitative isolation of surfactants from fetal and newborn rabbit alveolar lavage returns and post-lavaged lung tissue homogenates. The phospholipid content of both fractions progressively increased between 27 days gestation and term (31 days). The tissue-stored fraction increased approximately 16-fold (from 0.48 +/- 0.13 to 7.83 +/- 0.86 mg/g dry lung) and the a...

Surfactants are synthetic organic chemicals that are formulated to have cleansing or solubilisation properties with the development of the industrial economy and increase in population density, surfactants have become one of the most widely disseminated xenobiotics to enter the aquatic environment, creating a serious environmental problem. Principal criterion for the ecological behavior of surf...

Hybrid surfactants were generated through the simple mixing of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon gemini surfactants in aqueous solutions at 25°C. Disulfide exchange between the disulfide in the spacer chain occurred in the mixed micelles. However, the generation of hybrid gemini surfactants was particularly inhibited by the addition of salt. The suppression of the electrostatic repulsion between the...

the interactions of β-lactoglobulin ab in the presence of cationic surfactants such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium p-toluenesulfonate have been investigated using a variety of experimental techniques such as conductivity, uv-vis spectrophotometry and fluorimetry. the conductivity of surfactants aqueous solutions with β-lactoglobulin shows that the cmc of cationic s...