There is controversy over whether Ca(2+) binds to the BK(Ca) channel's intracellular domain or its integral-membrane domain and over whether or not mutations that reduce the channel's Ca(2+) sensitivity act at the point of Ca(2+) coordination. One region in the intracellular domain that has been implicated in Ca(2+) sensing is the "Ca(2+) bowl". This region contains many acidic residues, and la...

This study is a content analysis of the promotional methods used by the Fox Broadcasting Company (Fox) and the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) during the Super Bowl. It takes a comparative look at the promotional spots, or promos, each network aired, during Super Bowl XLV (2011) and XLVI (2012), spanning an hour before kick-off, the game, and through the post game show. The promos have been...

This paper begins with a thorough review of previous quantitative literature dedicated to the development of ratings for college and professional football teams, and also considers various methods that have been proposed for predicting the outcomes of future football games. Building on this literature, the paper then presents a straightforward application of linear modeling in the development o...

Evaluation of food palatability and preference is of great importance to the pet food industry. One common technique for evaluating palatability is a 2-bowl test in which 2 products are offered simultaneously and food consumption is measured. This yields clear results with dogs trained to routinely conduct such comparisons, but it is less clear how this extends to untrained pet dogs. In additio...

What these examples illustrate is that a particular Trajector (TR) can, in conjunction with a particular Landmark (LM), affect the interpretation of a preposition. On one hand, the interpretation ascribed to the sentence in (1) is that the LM, the bowl, contains or surrounds the TR, the fruit. On the other hand, in (2) the conventional interpretation is that the TR, the crack, constitutes a fla...

Along with using geometric information to define spatial terms such as “in”, Coventry and Garrod (2004) have proposed the use of dynamic-kinematic (DK) routines which relate to how two objects interact (kinematic) over time (dynamic). For the spatial description, “The penny is in the bowl,” the penny is contained by a bounding box around the bowl as well as the DK location-control routine that ...

If depicted objects visually remain where they are, but are linguistically described as moving to new locations (‘onto the table’), subsequent reference to them directs attention to their new locations. But, do these attentional shifts depend on updated spatial screen coordinates, or new object associations? We investigated situations wherein depicted containers moved between spatial locations ...