In order to identify Daldinia species in Guilan province, several specimens were collected during 2011–13. A total of six taxa, including Daldinia caldariorum (on Morus alba); D. childiae (on Parrotia persica, Pterocarya fraxinifolia, Morus alba, Quercus sp., Prunus sp., Citrus sinensis, Gleditschia caspica, Buxus sempervirens, Carpinis betulus and Alnus subcordata); D. gelatinoides (on M. alba...

Network theoretic approach has been used to model and study the flow of ecological information, growth and connectivity on landscape level of anemochory plant species Abied pindrow, Betula utilis and Taxus wallichiana in the Western Himalaya region. A network is formally defined and derived for seed dispersion model of aforementioned species where vertices represent habitat patches which are co...