Organisms interact with each other mostly over local scales, so the local density experienced by an individual is of greater importance than the mean density in a population. This simple observation poses a tremendous challenge to theoretical ecology, and because nonlinear stochastic and spatial models cannot be solved exactly, much effort has been spent in seeking effective approximations. Sev...

Study of the land-use/land cover (LULC) changes close to the boundary of the buildup area (urban fringe) provides deeper understanding of a land-use dynamics at different spatial and temporal scales. Few thoughts have given to the analysis of complicated spatial landscape at a fringe area. The aim of this paper is to resolve this bias by focusing on these interfaces. Results of this paper show ...

Scheduling the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) requires modeling and minimizing the buildup of angular momentum of the spacecraft. Accounting for momentum management is expected to be a major driver of spacecraft efficiency and lifetime. We develop a heuristic that reduces momentum buildup and show how the heuristic can be used in a simulation of the operations concept for JWST scheduling. Th...

Axonal transport in primate optic nerve axons was studied by autoradiography, scintillation counting, and electron microscopy under conditions of short-term intraocular pressure elevation. With elevation of intraocular pressure to 30 mm. Hg below mean arterial blood pressure, blockage of transport was detected within 2 hours by autoradiography and within 1 hour by electron microscopy. The earli...

Many forms of color adaptation have been found to reflect both short- and long-term adjustments. We explored the buildup and decay of adaptation to chromatic contrast (temporal modulations of color) for which the dynamics are unknown. A matching task was used to track the perceived contrast of chromatic pulses of varying physical contrast during and after adapting for 1 h to a high contrast mod...

paper presents the work carried out in developing a precision, bolus injection system to study the effect of regional deposition of fine particulate matter (PM) within the human respiratory system and to investigate the optimal conditions for inhaled drug delivery. In contrast to existing methods, the new system computes parameters necessary and injects PM into breath cycles by a process of dyn...

precision, bolus injection system to study the effect of regional deposition of fine particulate matter (PM) within the human respiratory system and to investigate the optimal conditions for inhaled drug delivery. In contrast to existing methods, the new system computes parameters necessary and injects PM into breath cycles by a process of dynamic breath pattern analysis and statistical data re...

PURPOSE To compare the incidence of endothelial injury after single-dose or continuous propofol infusion in conventional lipid-based emulsion (LE) versus microemulsion (ME). METHODS Forty-two rabbits (2.5-4.5 Kg) were randomly allocated into seven groups of six animals each: SHAM- surgical treatment alone; Bolus Control Group - 3 mL-intravenous (IV) bolus of saline; Continuous Infusion Contro...

AIM To compare bolus insulin delivery patterns during closed-loop home studies in adults with suboptimally [HbA1c 58-86 mmol/mol (7.5%-10%)] and well-controlled [58 mmol/mol (< 7.5%)] Type 1 diabetes. METHODS Retrospective analysis of daytime and night-time insulin delivery during home use of closed-loop over 4 weeks. Daytime and night-time controller effort, defined as amount of insulin deli...

Introduction: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are widely used in psychiatric and medical conditions and are a major cause of drug overdoses and fatal poisonings in many contries. Sodium bicarbonate administration is widely recommended as the first line treatment in TCAs intoxication but the best method of its administration has not been yet established therefore, we decided to compare the ef...