OBJECTIVES To assess the incidence and complications of breastfeeding-associated hypernatremic dehydration among hospitalized neonates. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study was conducted at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh over a 5-year period, to identify otherwise healthy term and near-term (> or =35 weeks of gestation) breastfed neonates (<29 days of age) who were admitted with serum sodium...

This systematic literature review of health benefits of breastfeeding for infants serves to educate mothers about any potential developmental differences between breast-fed and formulafed infants. Many factors go into a mother’s decision regarding feeding methods, but there may be gaps in knowledge that are important and significant between feeding methods. Breastfeeding vs. formula feeding has...

It remains uncertain whether HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants have impaired responses to oral vaccines. We performed a cross-sectional study of 6-month-old infants recruited at birth to the ZVITAMBO trial in Zimbabwe between 1997-2001, before introduction of prevention of mother-to-child transmission interventions. We measured poliovirus-specific IgA to type 1-3 polio strains by semi-quanti...

BACKGROUND Human breast milk, the sole source of nutrition during the early neonatal period, is rich in nutrients, hormones, growth factors, and immunoactive molecules, which influence the growth, development, and immune status of the newborn infant. It had long been thought that breast milk is an adequate source of anthracitic activity for the newborns and growing child. OBJECTIVE Human milk...

Abstract Background Many international medical organizations recommend vitamin D supplementation for infants, especially exclusively breastfed infants. In Thailand, however, data regarding the status in Thai infants are lacking. Such would help to support physician decisions and guide practice. Methods Full-term, were randomized into two groups at 2 months of age continue exclusive breastfeedin...

BACKGROUND Infant feeding regimens, including breastfeeding, formula-feeding, or a combination of the two, may influence infant health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, few studies have examined this association. METHODS This prospective cohort study assessed HRQOL in relation to three parent-selected feeding regimens: exclusively breastfed (n = 136), exclusively study formula-fed (n ...

Emergency management organisations recognise the vulnerability of infants in emergencies, even in developed countries. However, thus far, those who care for infants have not been provided with detailed information on what emergency preparedness entails. Emergency management authorities should provide those who care for infants with accurate and detailed information on the supplies necessary to ...

1. World Health Organization, Switzerland. MD, PhD Medical Officer, Department of Nutrition Study Coordinator. 2. MD, PhD in Epidemiology. Professor, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Brazil. Growth charts are essential items in the pediatric toolkit. Their value resides in helping to determine the degree to which physiological needs for growth and development are bei...

Infants and toddlers with suspected iron-deficiency anemia should begin treatment with oral ferrous sulfate (3 mg/kg/d of elemental iron). A rise in hemoglobin >1 g/dL after 4 weeks supports the diagnosis of iron deficiency, and supplementation should continue for 2 additional months to replenish iron stores. Recheck hemoglobin at the end of treatment and again 6 months later (strength of recom...