Viral breakthrough is a recognized response pattern to interferon-based antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The emergence of drug-resistant HCV quasispecies variants is assumed to be a major mechanism responsible for viral breakthrough. By using a long reverse transcription-PCR protocol recently developed in our lab, multiple nearly full-length HCV quas...

OBJECTIVES In the use of activated carbon beds as adsorbents for various types of organic vapor in respirator gas filters, water adsorption of the bed and test gas humidity are expected to alter the accuracy in the estimation of breakthrough data. There is increasing interest in the effects of moisture on estimation methods, and this study has investigated the effects with actual breakthrough d...

Cancer may soon become the leading disease-related cause of human death in many countries of the world. In the United States, cancer is projected to surpass cardiovascular disease as the major cause of death. Nevertheless, there is good news forthcoming with respect to emerging breakthrough drugs that demonstrate our increased understanding of cancer at the molecular level, a greater focus on m...

Many a science writer has fantasized about capping a story with the headline “Good News for Sick Mice!” One of the toughest struggles is deciding how to cover a story that has produced tantalizing, even amazing, results in laboratory animals but could well be a total bust by the time it gets to humans. That issue came up in early July, when Elan Pharmaceuticals, an Irish company with laboratori...

background lower gastrointestinal bleeding (lgib) in infants and children is a common problem in medical centers; however, its epidemiologic properties have not been studied well. objectives due to the fact that lgib has various causes in different geographical places, considering the importance of etiology in decision making for diagnostic techniques and treatment and since the lack of compreh...

lipomas are rare gastric tumors that comprise less than 1% of gastric tumors. these tumors are usually without clinical manifestations, but sometimes they may present with severe symptoms like bleeding,intussusception, or abdominal pain. in endoscopic assessment, they manifest with subm ucosal masses with intact epithelium. endosonography and ct scan can help in diagnosis. surgical resection of...

conclusions the present study showed that local administration of tra significantly reduces bleeding after prostatectomy surgery and is effective in preventing postoperative hemoglobin decrease. objectives in this study, the effect of local administration of tra on reducing bleeding during prostatectomy surgery was evaluated. methods a total of 186 patients who underwent prostatectomy surgery w...

engraftment by donor lymphocytes in an immunologically compromised host can result in donor t-cell activation against host major histocompatibility complex antigens, with resultant gvhd. the acute form of gvhd (agvhd) is characterized by erythroderma, cholestatic hepatitis, and enteritis. the intestinal symptoms of agvhd include crampy abdominal pain and watery diarrhea, often with blood. the c...

conclusions although differences between the two products were very close to each other, they reported similar effects on joint bleeds. further clinical studies should be performed by incorporating a standardized measurement in comparative efficacy of apcc and rfviia. results the mean of bleeding reduction in apcc and rfviia were 71.2% with ci 95% (lower limit 86.8% and upper limit 82%) and 72....

Background. The precision and limitations of ventricular pacemapping as a method to localize the site of earliest breakthrough of ventricular tachycardia (VT) were investigated in a canine model of experimental myocardial infarction. Methods and Results. Forty-one episodes of VT induced in 10 animals were mapped using a standard grid of 64 endocardial and epicardial bipolar electrodes to determ...