We describe a Branch-and-Bound algorithm for computing a parsimonious species tree, given a set of gene family trees. Our algorithm can consider three cost measures: number of gene duplications, number of gene losses, and both combined. Moreover, to cope with intrinsic limitations of Branch-and-Bound algorithms for species trees inference regarding the number of taxa that can be considered, our...

We chemically characterize the symmetries underlying the exact solutions of a stochastic negatively self-regulating gene. The breaking of symmetry at low molecular number causes three effects. Average protein number differs from the deterministically expected value. Bimodal probability distributions appear as the protein number becomes a readout of the ON/OFF state of the gene. Two branches of ...

The simple plant location problem is a well-studied problem in combinatorial optimization. It is one of deciding where to locate a set of plants so that a set of clients can be supplied by them at the minimum cost. This problem often appears as a subproblem in other combinatorial problems. Several branch and bound techniques have been developed to solve these problems. In this paper we present ...

Improving static branch prediction accuracy is an important problem with various interesting applications. First, several compiler optimizations such as code layout, scheduling, predication, etc. rely on accurate static branch prediction. Second, branches that are statically accurately predictable can be removed from the dynamic branch predictor thereby reducing aliasing. Third, for embedded mi...

The Drosophila tracheal system is a stereotypical network of interconnected tubes that supplies air to all cells of the organism. Initially, ten tracheal placodes are defined on both sides of the embryo, each consisting of 20 cells. The placodes undergo two rounds of division, giving rise to the final number of tracheal cells. All subsequent events of tracheal morphogenesis and branch migration...

This is a report on how mixed integer programming works. It starts by showing the form of a mixed integer program with n variables and m constraints. They explain the branch and bound method which is the most widely used method for solving integer programs. It goes into some detail about how the variables have only two possible restrictions, one and zero. There’s also some mention of the branch...

a field experiment was conducted under controlled conditions in completely randomized factorial design with three soil application doses of zn sulphate and drought stress with three replications in chalus, mazandaran province, iran on 1th march, 2015. the treatments were included three amounts of zinc sulphate (0, 30 and 60 kg.ha-1) and three amounts of stress (90, 70 and 50% of field capacity)...

pistachio is the most important nut that is produced in iran. little research has been done to examine the effect of ucb1-hybride rootstock plants as tissue culture for pistachios (2011 in toba company).this study aims to evaluate three pistachio varieties on ucb1 hybrid rootstock.  the experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three treatment groups (including ohadi, ...

to evaluate the effect of seeding rate on important agronomic traits in three winter rapeseed (brassica napus l.) cultivars, two field experiments were carried out as split plot arrangement in a complete block design with three replications during 2006-2008 growing seasons. three rapeseed cultivars (okapi, modena and licord) and three seeding rates (6, 8 and 10 kg/ha)) were randomized in main p...