BACKGROUND We report two cases of brain stem hemorrhage characterized by severe hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, and a rapidly fatal course. METHODS A 55-year-old man and a 65-year-old man were admitted with coma-producing brain stem hemorrhage accompanied by hyperthermia. Both underwent ventricular drainage. RESULTS Within 1 day of onset, both patients developed hyperther...

Data are presented from transcranial insonation of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) performed at intervals in 23 unconscious children for whom the outcome was subsequently poor. Once an MCA signal had been observed over a 30 minute period with time averaged velocity less than 10 cm s-1 and/or a direction of flow index, DFI, defined as 1 minus the ratio of reverse to forward flow of less than 0....

Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and disability. There is no definite treatment for brain stroke. Stem cell therapy is useful for treating brain stroke. Mesenchymal stem cells and neural stem cells can be used to treat stroke. In this review, we explained the benefits of mesenchymal stem cells and neural stem cells for stem cell therapy and the advantages of combination stem cel...

Since the discovery of neural stem cells in the mammalian brain, there has been significant interest in understanding their contribution to tissue homeostasis at both the cellular and molecular level. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is crucial for development of the central nervous system and has been implicated in stem cell maintenance in multiple tissues. Based on this, we hypothesized that the Wnt p...

Radial glial cells derive from neuroepithelial cells, and both cell types are identified as neural stem cells. Neural stem cells are known to change their competency over time during development: they initially undergo self-renewal only and then give rise to neurons first and glial cells later. Maintenance of neural stem cells until late stages is thus believed to be essential for generation of...

The confirmation that neurogenesis occurs in the adult brain and neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in the adult central nervous system (CNS) offers new and promising opportunities to treat a broad range of neurological diseases and injuries, particularly neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Beside this potential, NSCs are being considered for the treatment of brai...

Quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst are one of the rarest form intracranial cyst, this unique congenital malformation posses an special risk for hydrocephalus and neurological symptoms due to its proximity aqueduct brain stem. The treatment tends be surgical in cases when hypertension presents by hydrocephalus. Few non quadrigeminal with clinical follow up has been studied global literature . Here it’...