The human brain is a highly complex structure, which can be only partially described by conventional metrics derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), such as volume, cortical thickness, and gyrification index. In the last years, fractal dimension (FD) - useful quantitative index of geometry has proven to well express morphological complexity cerebral cortex. However, this likely higher th...

Forming and maintaining friendships is one of the most important developmental tasks in adolescence. Supportive high-quality have been related to positive outcomes mental health, both concurrently long term. Friendships also protect against negative effects adverse experiences, such as peer victimization internalizing behaviors. Despite this ample evidence relating well-being, we know relativel...

A defining feature of the brain is ability its synaptic contacts to adapt structurally and functionally in an experience-dependent manner. In human cortex, however, direct experimental evidence for coordinated structural functional adaptation currently lacking. Here, we probed plasticity cortical slices using vitamin derivative all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), a putative treatment neuropsychiatr...

Prenatal stress in rats results in structural, physiological and behavioral alterations that persist in adulthood. Serotonin (5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter known to be involved in these prenatal stress-induced behavioral alterations. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of interrupted synthesis of 5-HT and immobilization stress during different gestational period on brai...

despite progress in pharmacological and surgical treatments of epilepsy, little is known about the processes that a healthy brain is rendered epileptic after seizure occurrence. growing evidence supports the involvement of inflammatory processes, both the adaptive immunity and systemic inflammatory response, in induction of individual seizures as well as in the epileptogenesis. clinical and exp...

Drug abuse has been claimed to cause the loss of neurons and reduction of volume in both the adult and developing brain. This study examined cortex volumes in cerebrum and cerebellum of male rats that were dependent on morphine using unbiased stereological counting methods and systematic random sampling technique. Our goal was to test whether short time exposure to morphine can affect the corte...

The properties of microglia largely differ depending on aging as well brain regions. However, there are few studies that investigated the functional importance such heterogeneous at molecular level. Voltage-gated proton channel, Hv1/VSOP, could be one candidates which confers heterogeneity among since it regulates oxidative stress in age-dependent manner. In this study, we found Hv1/VSOP shows ...

Cognitive planning, the ability to develop a sequenced plan achieve goal, plays crucial role in human goal-directed behavior. However, specific of frontal structures planning is unclear. We used novel and ecological task, that allowed us separate period from execution period. The spatio-temporal dynamics EEG recordings showed induced progressive sustained increase frontal-midline theta activity...

Episodic memory retention and retrieval decline are the most common impairments observed in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients who progress to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clinical electroencephalography research shows that with dementia due AD exhibit a slowing of neural electrical activity parietal cortex. Memory has further suggested successful performance is associated changes ...

Depression is one of the most common mental disorder that could negatively affects individuals’ feeling, cognition and behaviour. From cognitive modal depression, people who have a biased thinking mode tend to produce negative feeling about self, world, their future (Beck, Aaron T, 2008). Compared normality, ‘abnormal’ different way interpreting things. This results from abnormal brain function...