Most previous neuroimaging studies of age-related brain structural changes in older individuals have been cross-sectional and/or restricted to clinical samples. The present study of 345 community-dwelling non-demented individuals aged 70-90years aimed to examine age-related brain volumetric changes over two years. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained at baseline and at 2-y...

BACKGROUND Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) induces progressive dysfunction of ventral and dorsal visual networks. Little is known, however, about corresponding changes in functional connectivity (FC). OBJECTIVES To investigate FC changes in the visual networks, their relationship with cortical atrophy, and the association with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. METHODS Ten PCA patients an...

Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease, with relapsing-remitting (RR) and secondary-progressive (SP) subgroups considered as different phases in the progression of the disease. Pathologic and imaging studies suggest that the development of permanent neurologic impairment in MS is associated with progressive brain and spinal cord atrophy, and atrophy...

The authors examined the association of total plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels with measures of atrophy and white matter disease on MRI scans in 36 healthy elderly individuals. Hcy had a significant positive relationship with lateral ventricle-brain ratios in the anterior (r = 0.49) and middle (r = 0.43) ventricular regions as measures of central atrophy, but not with cortical atrophy or white ...

SUMMARY We report 3 patients with myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF) diagnosed by mitochondrial A8344G mutation. Cerebellar ataxia was the first symptom in all patients. Conventional brain MR imaging showed atrophy of the superior cerebellar peduncles and the cerebellum in all patients and brain stem atrophy in 2 patients. In diffusion tensor analysis, fractional anisotropy of th...

White matter lesions are defining characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS), whereas grey matter involvement is a less recognised attribute. Recent investigations using dedicated imaging approaches have made it possible to depict cortical lesions. Additionally, grey matter atrophy may be estimated using various methods. Several studies have suggested that grey matter atrophy closely correlates...

OBJECTIVE To examine the independent contributions and combined interactions of medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), cortical and subcortical atrophy, and white matter lesion (WML) volume in longitudinal cognitive performance. METHODS A total of 477 subjects with age-related WML were evaluated with brain MRI and annual neuropsychological examinations in 3-year follow-up. Baseline MRI determina...

Regional Atrophy analysis of structural magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the brain may provide quantitative evidence of different neurodegenerative diseases. This paper proposes an approach for early detection of Alzheimer disease (AD) by locating the atrophy in the brain. The paper proposes an automated computer aided system to for differential diagnosis of different neurodegenerative disease...

To our knowledge, this is the largest study evaluating relationships between 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and P300 and memory/cognitive tests in the literature. The 3T MRI using NeuroQuant has an increased resolution 15 times that of 1.5T MRI. Utilizing NeuroQuant 3T MRI as a diagnostic tool in primary care, subjects (N=169; 19-90 years) displayed increased areas of anatomical atrophy: 3...

BACKGROUND Atrophy is recognized as a measure of destructive changes in multiple sclerosis (MS). The time course and pathologic mechanisms of atrophy development are not well understood. Significant atrophy was reported to occur within 9 to 12 months in relapsing remitting MS. OBJECTIVES To test whether atrophy can be detected over short time intervals, and to evaluate its relationship to inf...