نتایج جستجو برای: braf gene
تعداد نتایج: 1146646 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Mutations in the BRAF gene have been identified in approximately 7% of cancers, including 60% to 70% of melanomas, 29% to 83% of papillary thyroid carcinomas, 4% to 16% colorectal cancers, and a lesser extent in serous ovarian and non-small cell lung cancers. The V600E mutation is found in the vast majority of cases and is an activating mutation, conferring transforming and immortalization pote...
The management of cutaneous malignant melanoma has been transformed by the development effective medical treatment for what was previously a chemo-resistant disease. primary stage I and II disease remains complete excision with wider being performed in most cases assuming morbidity is not excessive. A series randomized trials have demonstrated that historical very wide margins did improve outco...
PURPOSE The management of thyroid nodules of indeterminate cytology is controversial. Our study aimed to establish the frequency and significance of H-,K-,N-RAS, TERT promoter, and BRAF gene mutations in thyroid nodes of indeterminate cytology and to assess their potential usefulness in clinical practice. METHODS H-,K-,N-RAS, TERT promoter and BRAF gene mutations were examined in a series of ...
Studies show that approximately 20% of all breast cancer patients have a breast tumor that tests positive for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2, otherwise known as the HER2 gene. As such, treatments for breast cancer usually include drugs that target HER2. The drug Trastuzumab is a recombinant antibody that has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of these HER2 positive breast canc...
With the recent identification of the BRAF rearrangement/ duplication in pediatric pilocytic astrocytomas (PA), – 3 there has been renewed interest in the contribution of the BRAF gene to brain tumorigenesis. While the signature KIAA1549:BRAF fusion represents a common alteration in PA, activating mutations in the BRAF kinase gene (V600E) are more commonly observed in other glioma histological ...
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a distinct clinicopathological entity whose underlying genetic lesion has remained a mystery for over half a century. The BRAF V600E mutation is now recognized as the causal genetic event of HCL because it is somatic, present in the entire tumor clone, detectable in almost all cases at diagnosis (encompassing the whole disease spectrum), and stable at relapse. BRAF ...
The p38 kinases mediate cell adaptation to stresses and play varying roles in tumorigenesis. However, the isoform-specific cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), particularly context of clinically important driver mutations, remain elusive. We used bioinformatic tools analyze isoform expression TCGA SKCM subtypes defined by presence BRAF or NRAS mutations. found that p38β, p38γ p38δ levels were increased, ...
In a recent study of combined vaccinia virus (VV) and radiation therapy (RT) in BRAF-mutant melanomas, we dissected the precise events by which RT enhances viral cytotoxicity. Our studies revealed that the complex interplay between RT, virus and cell signaling pathways caused a completely novel synthetically lethal form of tumor cell death. We initially sought to assess the effect of combining ...
Malignant melanoma of soft parts (MMSP), also called clear cell sarcoma of tendons and aponeuroses, is cytogenetically characterized by the t(12;22)(q13;q12) resulting in the chimeric EWSR1/ATF1 gene. MMSP shares a number of morphologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical features with malignant melanoma of the skin, causing diagnostic difficulties in the distinction between MMSP and metastati...
2010 EMBO Molecular Medicine The majority of human colorectal cancers (CRCs) are initiated by mutations arising in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumour suppressor gene. However, a new class of non-APCmutated CRCs has been defined that have a serrated histopathology and carry the BRAF oncogene. Herewe have investigated the pathogenesis of serrated CRCs by expressing Braf in the proliferat...
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