the present study sets out to integrate the performance-based seismic design approach with the connection topology optimization method. performance-based connection topology optimization concept aims to simultaneously optimize the size of members and the type of connections with respect to the framework of performance-based seismic design. this new optimization concept is carried out for unbrac...

In many studies, the alternative load path method (APM) has been used for progressive collapse analysis. In this method, one or several columns of the building are removed and the building response is investigated. This method ignores the initial local failure cause of building and this can affect the structural response. Investigation of ignoring the initial local failure cause of steel braced...

The influence of composite girders on the modified buckling factor for columns was investigated in both braced and unbraced frames. girders' end conditions were represented as rigid hinged . Furthermore, based proposed stiffness parameter, derived formulation follows same assumptions standard effective length (K-factor). Moreover, suggested equations frames obtained using slope-deflection metho...

To study the design method of sectional area and initial tension of wire rope brace of the prestressed braced steel moment frame structure system, theoretical analysis of this structure system is conducted in this paper. The lateral stiffness formula is derived. It reveals the lateral stiffness is related to the lateral stiffness of bare steel moment frame, story height, the distance between co...

The practice of deep-braced excavation in congested urban environments involves frequently buried pipelines, which can exert a significant effect on the performance excavation. objective this paper is to investigate 12.5-m-deep-braced spanned by two shallowly large-diameter pressurized pipelines. A suspension structure installed within protect situ pipelines during construction. investigated pe...