A 419-bp region of the flagellin gene sequence of Borrelia burgdorferi was used as a target for the polymerase chain reaction. With a nonradioactively labeled gene-specific probe, sensitivity to as few as 1 to 10 spirochetes was observed. The targeted gene fragment was conserved in the American and European strains of B. burgdorferi tested and among several other pathogenic borreliae.

DNA fingerprints of four rose species, Rosa centifolia, R. Gruss-an-Teplitz, R. bourboniana, and R. damascena, were developed using RAPD-PCR. We identified a unique polymorphic band in R. centifolia. This 762-bp fragment was produced by the random primer GLI-2. The fragment was eluted and directly cloned in a TA cloning vector, pTZ57R/T. Digestion of the plasmid with EcoRI confirmed the c...

Expressions of recombinant proteins for different applications are important objectives in molecular biotechnology; however, expression of some recombinant proteins is difficult. Several methods have been designed for expression of these proteins. The aim of this study was to construct a vector containing Mtb32C fragment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tuberculosis) as a fusion partner in orde...

Whiteßies, heteropterans in the family Aleyrodidae, are globally distributed and severe agricultural pests. The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (mtCOI) sequence has been used extensively in whiteßy phylogenetic comparisons and in biotype identiÞcation of the agriculturally important Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) whiteßy. Because of the economic importance of several whiteßygenera, and the inv...

Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and phylogenetic analysis were used for molecular identification of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) isolated from Apis mellifera. Eighteen honeybee workers were collected from three different apiaries in West Azerbaijan. LABs from the gut of honeybees were isolated and cultured using routine biochemical proce...

background: entamoeba moshkovskii and e. dispar are impossible to differentiate microscopically from the pathogenic species e. histolytica . multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex pcr) is a widespread molecular biology technique for amplification of multiple targets in a single pcr experiment. methods: for detection and differentiation of the three-microscopy indistinguishable entamoeba...

We have designed and implemented on a personal computer a program for identifying and quantifying the fragments present in a peptide mixture obtained by hydrolysing a polypeptide of known sequence using digesting agents. The qualitative data utilized by the main algorithm consist of the target sequence of the intact molecule and the amino acid residues identified at each step of the automatic s...

Recombinant DNA vectors are fundamental tools in molecular biology and genetic engineering. One of the problems frequently encountered in vector construction is the lack of compatible restriction sites between the vectors and the DNA inserts. The conventional approach to solve this problem is to make the DNA fragments blunt-ended (3,4,12) or to add linkers or adaptors (10,11,14) before ligation...

The aim of this study was to ascertain the effects of beef on the quality characteristics, such as color, texture profile, water absorption ratio, volume, turbidity, and sensory evaluation, of noodle products. Various types of beef were added to the flour at a mixture ratio of ground beef (BG) 10, 15, 20, 25%; concentrated beef (BC) 9, 11, 13, 15%; and powdered beef (BP) 1, 3, 5, 7%. Each treat...