BACKGROUND Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease (LD), and Babesia, Bartonella, and Ehrlichia species (spp.) are recognized tick-borne pathogens in humans worldwide. Using serology and molecular testing, the incidence of these pathogens was investigated in symptomatic patients from Australia. METHODS Sera were analyzed by an immunofluorescent antibody assay (IFA) followed ...

background: blood transfusion plays a great role in public health and the blood safety still has remained a main concern. hbv has been considered as one of the most prevalent blood borne infections. it is estimated that chronic hbv affects 350-400 million people worldwide. comprehensive knowledge about hbv has high importance in iran due to high number of blood dependent patients. material and ...

The outbreak of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in Germany last year and recent reports about the emergence of Salmonella Kentucky as a “new superbug” have re-focused public attention on food-borne diseases. Salmonellosis is an important cause of food-borne disease with significant economic burden to the population and healthcare systems. In the last century, microbiologists have identified...

In many countries of the world, bacterial food-borne zoonotic infections are the most common cause of human intestinal disease. Salmonella and Campylobacter account for over 90% of all reported cases of bacteria-related food poisoning world-wide. Poultry and poultry products have been incriminated in the majority of traceable food-borne illnesses caused by these bacteria, although all domestic ...

background: hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is one of the major blood-borne infections worldwide. hcv carriers may develop chronic hepatitis leading to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). there is no overall estimate of the infection prevalence in the northeast of iran. we have performed this research in order to determine accurately the prevalence and risk factors of hcv infe...

Mathematical formulations for the basic reproduction ratio (R(0)) exist for several vector-borne diseases. Generally, these are based on models of one-host, one-vector systems or two-host, one-vector systems. For many vector borne diseases, however, two or more vector species often co-occur and, therefore, there is a need for more complex formulations. Here we derive a two-host, two-vector form...

Tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFVs), including Powassan virus and tick-borne encephalitis virus cause encephalitis or hemorrhagic fevers in humans with case-fatality rates ranging from 1-30%. Despite severe disease in humans, TBFV infection of natural rodent hosts has little noticeable effect. Currently, the basis for resistance to disease is not known. We hypothesize that the coevolution of flaviv...

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the etiologic agent of tick-borne (TBE) and transmitted by Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Europe. The geographical distribution I. Palearctic region covers also northern Africa, including northwestern Tunisia. While eco-epidemiology TBE Europe well documented, no data concerning TBEV from Africa are available. We investigated whether circulating A tot...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of HCV infection in people with hemophilia is substantially higher than that in the general population (63% - 98%). Multiple transfusions and substitutive therapy have also been linked to a high risk of HBV and HIV transmission. However, the prevalence of other blood-borne viral infections in this population is less well known. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess t...

The aim of the study was to characterize mono- and mixed infection with causative agents vector-borne infections in Dermacentor reticulatus ticks inhabiting one anthropourgic foci Tomsk Region. Materials methods . D. were collected from vegetation “on flag” forest park zones southern part August September, 2020–2021. To isolate nucleic acids homogenates mites subsequent PCR diagnostics, kits Re...