Birds' eyes seem often to be about as large as head size allows and brain size is taken here as a measure of the ill-defined space that is available to accommodate them. In four data sets for non-passerines eye size relates more strongly to brain size than to body mass and most non-passerine data are consistent with eye:brain (or eye:head-space) isometry. Eye:body allometry thus seems to follow...

Geographic patterns in body size are often associated with latitude, elevation, or environmental and climatic variables. This study investigated patterns of body size and cell size of the green anole lizard, Anolis carolinensis, and potential associations with geography or climatic variables. Lizards were sampled from 19 populations across the native range, and body size, red blood cell size an...

Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) evolves because body size is usually related to reproductive success through different pathways in females and males. Female body size is strongly correlated with fecundity, while in males, body size is correlated with mating success. In many lizard species, males are larger than females, whereas in others, females are the larger sex, suggesting that selection on fe...

In 1847, Karl Bergmann proposed that temperature gradients are the key to understanding geographic variation in the body sizes of warm-blooded animals. Yet both the geographic patterns of body-size variation and their underlying mechanisms remain controversial. Here, we conduct the first assemblage-level global examination of 'Bergmann's rule' within an entire animal class. We generate global m...

The interrelationships between body size, sexual differences and growth rates of European grass snakes were studied. Two-factor analysis of variance and covariance were used in the analysis of the relationships. Results indicate that prey availability causes the marked differences in adult body sizes and the degree of sexual size dimporphism among populations of grass snakes without any genetic...

Postprint This is the accepted version of a paper published in Community Ecology. This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proof-corrections or journal pagination. Trophic links and the relationship between predator and prey body sizes in food webs. Access to the published version may require subscription. Abstract 1 The relationship between predator and prey b...

I review the current capabilities of small, medium and large telescopes in the study of minor bodies of the Solar System (MBOSS), with the goal of identifying those areas where the next generation of Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) are required to progress. This also leads to a discussion of the synergies between large and small telescopes. It is clear that the new facilities that will become...

Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) caused by time-varying magnetic fields has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. A human volunteer study performed on three different body-size gradient coils and one head-size gradient coil is presented in this work. The experimental results were used to generate average PNS threshold parameters for the tested gradient systems. It was found that...

Scientists first documented that animals have smaller body sizes in warmer environments back in the 19th century. Today, scientists know from laboratory studies that most ectotherms (i.e. previously called cold-blooded animals), such as fish, grow faster but to smaller maximum body sizes at higher temperatures. Yet, the mechanisms driving these patterns are somehow still unknown. Hypotheses hav...