Tail-biting is a behavioral abnormality which compromises the welfare of pigs. The goal of this study was to characterize the tail-biting phenotype using behavior and measures of heart-rate (HR) and its variability (HRV) in pigs. Thirty pigs were categorized as tail-biters (n=10), tail-bite victims (n=10), and control pigs (n=10) based on the frequency of tail-biting behavior that they performe...

Anopheles leucosphyrus group infected with the patogen Plasmodium knowlesi from Macaca fascicularis, nemestrina , and leonine. An. The consists of species crasens, laten s introlotus . mosquitoes have behavior fluctuations in density at a punctual time foraging biting. This study used Animal-baited trap net method, which is method that uses farm animals as an attractant. Data collection has bee...

OBJECTIVE This is a parallel, three group, randomized, controlled clinical trial, with outcomes evaluated up to three months after randomization for children and adolescents with chronic nail biting. The current study investigates the efficacy of habit reversal training (HRT) and compares its effect with object manipulation training (OMT) considering the limitations of the current literature. ...

BACKGROUND Taking into account the improvement in insecticidal activity by the inclusion of fluorine in the hydrazone moiety, the authors synthesized new 4-fluorobenzoic acid hydrazides and 3-acetyl-2,5-disubstituted-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, substituting a phenyl group or a heteroaryl ring carrying one or two atoms of F, Cl and Br, and investigated their biting deterrent and larvicidal ac...

OBJECTIVE To determine the biting activity and onchocerciasis transmission in Kashoya-Kitomi focus, Western Uganda. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey in randomly selected sites. SETTING Three districts in Western Uganda. METHOD Crab trapping and examination for immature stages of Simulium neavei and full day human bait catches and dissections were conducted at three sites. RESULTS A total o...

Tail biting trellis codes and block concatenated codes are discussed from random coding arguments. Error exponents and decoding complexity for generalized tail biting (GTB) random trellis codes, and their relationships are derived, where the GTB trellis codes consist of full tail biting (FTB) trellis codes, partial tail biting (PTB) trellis codes and direct truncated (DT) trellis codes. We show...

Eccentric jaw exercises has been known to cause muscle soreness but no studies have so far examined to what extent temporal summation mechanisms within the exercised muscles are changed. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of an eccentric biting exercise on the temporal summation, mechanical pressure sensitivity and jaw muscle activity. A total of 15 healthy men part...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and oral parafunction habits among Saudi adolescents in the permanent dentition stage. METHODS A total of 385 (230 females and 155 males) school children age 12-16, completed a questionnaire and were examined clinically. A stratified selection technique was used for schoo...

Biting midges (Culicoides spp.) are an important environmental health issue in Hervey Bay, an area of rapid population growth in Australia. It is also the gateway to a World Heritage area (Great Sandy Strait) and a destination for tourists. The spread of housing developments into suburbs close to midge breeding habitats has led to a problem for the local government responsible for managing biti...

With the experimental design of this study the following conclusions were reached. 1. Biting force during maximum clenching was the greatest when the occlusal plane was made parallel to the ala-tragus line. It decreased when the occlusal plane was inclined about 5 degrees anteriorly or about 5 degrees posteriorly. 2. The efficiency of biting force exertion during maximum clenching showed the be...